减污降碳协同增效：政策困境与完善路径

我国面临实现生态环境根本好转与碳达峰碳中和两大战略任务，“协同治理”政策体系需在现有的生态环境管理制度体系上嵌入“降碳”政策目标，“降碳”和“减污”涉及的规范、资源和工具等制度性要素将在“协同增效”目标下重新协调整合。“减污降碳”在政策理念、政策工具、政策主体等层面均对传统污染防治政策系统存在路径依赖，可能导致决策科学性不足、规制失灵、政策可持续性较差、政策僵化、市场主体投入不足等问题。故此，需加快完善“协同增效”相关法律法规、强化多元政策工具统筹协同、优化差异性政策的管理协同。

Synergistic Effects of Reduce Pollution and Carbon Emissions: Policy Barriers and Innovation Path

As China is confronted with the two strategic tasks of achieving the fundamental improvement of ecological environment and achieving the carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the policy system of synergistic governance needs to embed the policy goal of carbon emissions in the existing ecological environment management system. Moreover, the institutional elements such as norms, resources and tools involved in reduce pollution and carbon emissions will be re-coordinated and integrated under the goal of synergistic paths. In terms of policy concepts, policy tools and policy subjects, reduce pollution and carbon emissions have path dependence on the traditional pollution prevention policy system, which may lead to the problems, such as lack of scientific decision-making, regulatory failure, poor policy sustainability, policy rigidity, and insufficient investment of market subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the improvement of relevant laws and regulations on synergistic paths, strengthen the overall synergy among multiple policy instruments, and optimize the management synergy of differentiated policies.