森林凋落物研究现状及我国西南喀斯特地区研究展望

近几十年来，我国西南喀斯特地区生态环境退化严重，石漠化面积迅速扩大，林地覆盖率急剧下降，成为制约我国西部大开发生态建设中不可回避的重要科学问题，严重影响了西南地区社会、经济的可持续发展。喀斯特地区土层薄且侵蚀严重，土壤中的有机碳和营养盐主要来自地表枯枝落叶层的分解及累积。在气候变暖、陆地生态系统土壤温度升高、土壤有机碳急速流失和土壤质量退化的背景下，分析不同林下凋落物量和降解动态以及土壤有机碳库积累差异，揭示西南喀斯特地区不同林地凋落物归还量及其对土壤碳库积累的贡献具有极其重要的意义，将为喀斯特地区林地恢复重建和石漠化遏制工作提供科研依据。

The study and prospects of litterfall in forest ecosystem in the Karst region, Southwest China

In recent decades, serious living habitats degradation, rapidly expanded rocky desertification area and sharply declined forest coverage blocked the sustainable developments of local socioeconomic, which also were the most important inevitable scientific problems during the ecological construction and exploitation program in the Development of West Regions. Karst region was famous for the thin soil layer and serious soil erosion. Litterfall residues is an important component of woodland ecosystem, is the main material pool for the foundation and maintenance of soil fertility. Soil organic carbon of woodland was mainly come from the input and accumulation of surface litterfall residues decomposition and the process of humus. With the increasing soil temperature of terrestrial ecosystems, the rapid losing soil organic carbon and soil quality durative degradation, the investigations about the biomass of litterfall residues accumulation and decomposition dynamics in different woodlands, and the exploration of litterfall residues sequestration into soil and its contribution to soil carbon pool accumulation among the fragile ecosystems were of extremely ecological value and importance, in the karst region of southwest China. All the above explorations will provide us scientific supports for woodland coverage restoration and rocky desertification prevention programs.