中美高等环境类专业课程结构和教学实施比较研究

以美国５所大学为代表，调查和分析了其环境类专业的课程结构和教学实施的基本状况，并与我国进行了比较研究．研究表明课程结构和教学实施存在明显差别，其主要表现在以下９个方面：本科生专业培养目标；素质教育课程的设置；课程体系结构和学分制；培养解决环境问题能力的课程设置；及时反映新观点和新理论的课程；人文科学和社会科学类课程设置；环境政策课程；资源课程和专业教学方式．比较研究认为，上述９个方面可作为我国修订环境类本科生专业基本培养规格和基本教学要求的借鉴．同时还提供某些具有参考价值的课程设置实例．

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE COURSE STRUCTURE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS (MAJORS) AND TEACHING PRACTICE IN HIGHER ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BETWEEN CHINA AND USA

In this paper,based on data from five universities and colleges which are chosen as representatives of USA,the system and structure of courses and teaching practice for undergraduate students majoring in environment between China and USA were studied and analysed comparatively.The multiphase analysis and comparative studies sholwed that there were many differences in system and structure of environmental courses adn teaching practices between China and USA.These differences mainly existed in the following aspects:the training objectives;setting up courses on quality education for students;the system and structure of courses and the practice of the credit system;setting up courses to foster student's ability to solve environmental problems;timely response to new viewpoints and theories on environmental sciences;setting up courese about environmental humanities and social science;developing courses concerning environmental policy;course of resource science;and the utilization of teaching methods.We can conclude that some experiences mentioned above in USA are used for reference when we make the national basic training speciifications and basic teaching requirements for undergraduate studnets majoring in environment.