生物有机肥和鬼针草对赤泥、矿泥壤质化生态修复的影响

为解决赤泥、矿泥规模化安全处置问题，以拜耳法改性赤泥和脱水矿泥为研究对象，配施生物有机肥和种植鬼针草，通过分析壤质化壤土的理化指标和矿相变化，探究生物有机肥和种植鬼针草对赤泥、矿泥壤质化生态修复的影响。结果表明，壤质化壤土的理化性质随配施生物有机肥比例的增加而改善，鬼针草生长越旺盛。其中，鬼针草在配施3%生物有机肥的壤质化壤土中平均长至87.0 cm，叶片数平均257 片，pH和电导率分别降至7.87和429.01 μS·cm⁻¹。Pearson相关性分析结果表明，增加有机质对壤质化生态修复起积极作用。壤质化处置60 d时，配施1.5%生物有机肥，碱性化学结合碱和Na质量分数减少，形成较大的团聚体。本研究结果可为赤泥、矿泥壤质化生态修复提供参考。

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer and sticktights on the ecological restoration of bauxite residue and dehydrated mineral slime loam disposal

In order to solve the problem of large-scale safe disposal of bauxite residue and dehydrated mineral slime, the Bayer method dealkalized bauxite residue and dehydrated mineral slime were taken as the research object, and bio-organic fertilizer and planting of sticktights were applied. The physical and chemical indexes and mineral phase changes of loam soils were analyzed, and the effects of bio-organic fertilizer and planting sticktights on the loam ecological restoration of bauxite residue and dehydrated mineral slime were explored. The results showed that physicochemical properties of loam soils were improved with the increase of the proportion of bio-organic fertilizer application, and the growth of sticktights was more vigorous. Among them, the average length of sticktights was 87.0 cm and the average number of leaves was 257 in loam soils with 3% bio-organic fertilizer, the pH and electrical conductivity decreased to 7.87 and 429.01 μS·cm−1. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that increasing organic matter played a positive role in the restoration of loam ecology. After 60 days of treatments, 1.5% bio-organic fertilizer was applied, the mass fraction of alkaline chemical combination alkali and Na decreased, and large aggregates were formed. The results of this study can provide a reference for the ecological restoration of bauxite residue and dehydrated mineral slime.