Estuarine Shoreline Changes in Jamaica Bay, New York City: Implications for Management of an Urban National Park |
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Authors: | Rebecca Boger James Connolly Mark Christiano |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Brooklyn College, CUNY, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11215, USA;(2) Department of Urban Planning, Columbia University, 2960 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA;(3) NPS, Gateway National Recreation Area, Fort Wadsworth, 210 New York Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA |
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Abstract: | The Jamaica Bay portion of Gateway National Recreation Area, located next to highly urbanized New York City, faces many challenges
to preserve and protect its natural, cultural, and recreational resources. To aid in the management of the park resources,
detailed estuarine shoreline analyses of Jamaica Bay were undertaken using imagery taken in 1951, 1974, and 2006. A 15-class
land use/land cover (LULC) classification scheme was created after doing an initial examination of the types of LULC in the
2006 orthoimagery and then applied in the analyses of the previous years. By quantifying how and where the shoreline has changed
over the past 60 years, park managers can better assess the impact of management practices by comparing LULC of the shoreline
within the park boundary to the LULC of the shoreline outside the park boundary before and after the park was created in 1972.
Despite the heavy development of New York City and the trend for shoreline modification, the overall shoreline of Jamaica
Bay has maintained large percentages of undeveloped vegetation and sandy beaches. Much of the LULC change has occurred in
the creeks as a result of dredging and shape modification for residential and commercial uses. Park management has been effective
in limiting the alteration of undeveloped shoreline although there have been significant changes in the relative percentages
of sand and vegetated beaches between 1974 and 2006. |
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