蔬菜出口产地农户对食品安全规制的认知及其农药决策行为研究

食品安全与农药残留一直是备受关注的焦点问题。基于此,本文应用山东省蔬菜出口产地安丘市392个农户的调查数据,对农户食品安全规制的认知及其农药使用行为的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,农户的学历层次、农产品国内销售和出口日本的比例、农户对国内外农产品市场的评价及是否接受农药残留检测显著影响其对食品安全规制的认知;而农户的平均生产支出、是否接受农药残留检测、检测标准的严格程度及是否作生产记录影响其农药使用行为。此外,本文发现该制度的实施导致一些农户产生逆向选择,且农户的农药使用因种植结构而不同。针对当前农业生产的特点和食品安全现状,为了促进当地农业生产方式的转变和保护生态环境,政府应加强对农业主体的培训和技术指导,引导当地农户加强与产业组织的联系,有效开展农药残留检测、优化种植结构,提高农产品的质量和国际竞争力。

A Study on Farmers' Cognitive of Food Safety Regulation and Their Decision-making Behavior of Pesticide Use in the Export-Oriented Vegetable Production Area

Food safety and residual pesticide have long been a public concern.Based on the survey data from 392 farmers in Anqiu,Shandong,this paper analyzed farmers’ cognitive of food safety regulation and their decision-making behavior of pesticide use in the export-oriented vegetable production area.The study showed that farmers’ education level,the percentage of agricultural products exported,farmers’ evaluation of both domestic,foreign agricultural market and whether to accept pesticide residue detection significantly affect their cognitive level of food safety regulation;while the average production cost,whether to accept pesticide residues detection,the level of testing standards and whether to keep a production record are all factors that influence farmers’ pesticide use.In addition,this paper also found that,the implementation of this regulation could lead to adverse selection in the farmers and the pesticide usage behavior of each farmer depends on their different crop types.In view of the characteristics of agricultural products and food safety situation nowadays,to accelerate the transformation of local farming mode and protect the environment,government should give more training and technical instructions to farmers,guide them to enhance their connection with local industrial organization,conduct pesticide residue testing in a efficient way,and optimize crop structure so as to improve the quality and therefore the international competence of their products.