西部地区促进农民工就业的产业选择

金融危机后,西部地区存在大量返乡农民工和就地转移的农村富余劳动力,农民工亟待"就业"与企业亟待"用工"凸显西部地区劳动力市场矛盾和产业结构偏差。西部地区调整产业偏差,进行慎密的产业选择,成为必然。通过构建农民工产业供求模型,对农民工产业流向进行理论分析,表明在区域工业化初期向工业化中期的过渡期以及在工业化中期,重化工业和高端技术产业对资本和技术的偏好,限制了劳动力从农业向非农产业的转移;通过运用比较分析法,考察西部产业选择的宏观与微观条件,透析出西部的资源特点、产业发展现状、城镇化水平、非农产业收入状况、非农产业就业吸纳能力。在理论模型推导和现实社会经济状况分析基础上,提出了产业选择思路和选择结果,即西部地区应重点发展技术—劳动密集型制造业、技术—劳动密集型农产品加工业、技术—劳动密集型服务业、旅游和旅游服务业和公益事业。

Industrial Selection to Promote Employment of Peasant-workers in West China

After the financial crisis,West China has witnessed a large number of migrant workers returning home as well as a large amount of surplus labor in the rural areas.Those labors urgently need to be employed,while the local enterprises equally urgently need to employ workers.And this phenomenon has highlighted the conflicts in the labor market in West China and also accentuated the flaws in the industrial organization in this region.Thus,it is a neccssity to adjust the wrongly set industries and choose the suitable ones cautiously.This thesis constructs a supply-demand model for peasant-workers-industries and uses the theoretical analysis of flow of migant workers to show the preference of heavy and chemical industry and high-end technological industries for capital and skills in the transitional stage from the start of industrialization to the mid-industrialization as well as in the mid-industrialization stage.And this preference has constrained the labors from transferring from agriculture to other industries.Besides,a comparative analysis is used for the research on the macro and micro conditions for the industry selections in West China,showing the features of resources in the region,the status quo of the industries,level of urbanization,the income of non-agricultural industries and the labor absorbability of non-agricultural industries.Then based on the theoretical model and analysis on the economic conditions,the thesis puts forward thoughts and results of the industry selection.The thesis reaches a conclusion that West China should focus on the skill-labor intensive manufacturing,skill-labor intensive ventures in agro-industry,skill-labor intensive service industry,tourism industry and public services.