最小耗费生态功能网络规划研究——以厦门岛内为例

长期高速的社会、经济建设使城市系统中自然景观与人工城市景观的比例严重失调，导致城市绿地斑块的碎化及生态功能的削弱，改善与提高生态功能网络的连接对提升城市生态系统的功能及价值、限制城市格局蔓延具有重要意义。针对厦门市的城市化问题，运用熵值法综合评价不同景观类型的结构和功能对于城市生态功能流的影响，在GIS软件辅助下，利用最小耗费距离模型计算研究区域内生态流的耗费梯度，并从中提取生态功能网络中廊道的最佳路径。研究结果表明，厦门岛内城市绿地空间分布不均，建成区内生态斑块质量不高，破碎程度较大，生态功能流无法形成良好的衔接，在今后的城市规划中，急需对城市生态功能网络的结构和功能进行优化。本研究的方法和结果可为城市生态功能网络研究的定量分析及网络的建设提供科学依据和参考。

A STUDY ON THE PLANNING OF LEAST- COST ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION NETWORK: A CASE STUDY OF XIAMEN DOWNTOWM

The long - term and high - speed social and economic constrnctions lead to the imbalance of the proportion of natural landscape and artificial urban landscape in urban system, and cause the fragmentation of urban greenland patch and the weakening of the ecologi- cal function. Improving the connection of ecological function network is meaningful to the promotion of the urban ecosystem function and val- ue, and the restriction of urban pattern~ spread. Aiming at the problems of urbanization in Xiamen, the research used the entropy method to evaluate the effects that the constructions and functions of different landscape types imposed to the urban ecological functional flow. With the assistance of GIS softwares, the gradients of ecological flow~ cost were calculated by the least -cost＇modeling, and the optimal path of corri- dor in ecological function network was extracted. The results showed that the spatial distribution of urban greenland in Xiamen downtown was uneven. The quality of the ecological patch in building area was low and the fragmentation degree is high, which made the ecological flow couldn＇t form preferable connection. The optimization of the construction and function of urban ecological function network is urgently needed in the future urban planning. The methods and results in this study can provide a scientific basis and reference to the quantitative analysis of urban ecological function network and its construction.