顺倾节理边坡开挖软材料模型实验设计与分析

物理模型实验是研究边坡变形规律的重要手段之一。在高水胶比条件下(水∶明胶∶甘油=55:2:1)制备低强度软材料模型,利用铁氟龙镀层垫板和佳丹-108干性离型剂解决了脱模困难问题,同时利用材料熔化凝固的过程模拟了岩体的固结成岩过程,在小尺寸模型实验中,模拟了纯重力作用下节理边坡开挖的大变形过程。结果表明:随着坡面节理长度的增加,上下盘观测点的位移量先减小后增大,但变形速率始终增加,且上下盘的速率差值增大;长度、倾角不变的节理位于坡面时比在坡底和坡顶时造成的位移大。

Design and Analysis of Soft Material Model Experiment for Inclination Joint Slope Excavation

Physical model experiment is one of the important means to study slope deformation.We prepared a low-strength soft material model with high water-gel ratio soft material(water:gelatin:glycerol=55︰2︰1),and solved the problem of demolding by using Teflon coating pad and Jiadan-108 dry release agent.At the same time,we simulated the process of solidification and diagenesis of rock mass by the process of material melting and solidification,and the large deformation process of joint slope excavation under pure gravity in a small-scale experimental model.It is found that with the increase of the length of slope joints,the displacement of the observation points on the hanging wall and the footwall decreases first and then increases,but the deformation rate keeps increasing and the speed difference between the hanging wall and the footwall increases.Besides,joints with constant length and inclination cause greater displacement when they are located right on the surface of the slope rather than at the bottom or the top of it.