甘肃河西内陆河流域社会化水资源稀缺评价

水资源稀缺是我国经济社会发展所面临的严重制约因素。水资源稀缺评价是水资源管理中最基础性的工作。借助Karshenas模型对资源利用同经济发展之间的关系进行了诠释；在界定水资源管理阶段的基础上。引入社会适应性能力概念。着重论述了其内在结构及其度量指标。从而将水资源稀缺问题拓展到了社会经济领域。强调社会资源在水资源稀缺评价中的作用。同时。建立社会化水资源稀缺指数。并以甘肃省河西内陆河流域五市为例进行了实证研究．结果表明：嘉峪关市由于相对较高的社会适应性能力。其社会化水资源稀缺程度指数的相对排序得到改善；而武威市则因相对较低的社会适应性能力。社会化水资源稀缺指数的排序有所降低；金昌市和张掖市尽管社会化水资源稀缺指数的相对排序没有变化。但由于考虑了社会适应性能力。水资源稀缺程度得到有效的缓解。社会化水资源稀缺指数更能如实反映水资源状况。社会适应性能力是一种重要的资源。对缓解水资源紧缺程度具有重要的作用。

Assessment of Social Water Scarcity in the Continental River Basin of Hexi, Gansu Province

Water shortage is becoming a serious restricting factor for economic and social development.In the paper,the relationship between natural resources utilization and economic development is annotated by drawing support from the Karshenas model.On the basis of classification of water resource management,the paper introduces the 'social adaptive capacity'(SAC) concept and discusses its internal constitutions and measurement index.So it is needed for strategy decision-makers to seek some effective strategies from the political economy system outside the natural resources themselves to solve water resource scarcity problem.That is to say an alternative way to increase social resources has been emphasized.Meanwhile,a new social water scarcity index is developed and studied empirically with an example from the continental river basin of Hexi in Gansu province.The study demonstrates that owing to the relative high SAC the social water scarcity index order of Jiayuguan increased.Contrarily,the order of social water scarcity index in Wuwei city decreased because of its relative low SAC.Moreover,the order of social water scarcity index in Jinchang and Zhangye cities does not change,but the situations of water scarcity is notably ameliorated.As far as the two cities are concerned,the water scarcity situations changed from 'water stress' to 'water scarcity'.The social water resource scarcity index(SWSI) can reflect exactly the actuality of water resource scarcity.Social adaptive capacity is also an important resource and plays an important role in relieving water scarcity.