污水处理过程中典型PPCPs的污染特征及降解转化研究进展

药品和个人护理用品（PPCPs）是21世纪以来引起人们广泛关注的一类新污染物,由PPCPs造成的生态健康风险问题也逐渐受到政府管理部门的重视.PPCPs的日常使用导致其在污水处理厂进出水和污泥中频繁检出且浓度较高,但传统污水处理工艺难以将其有效去除, 通过微生物降解、光降解和臭氧氧化强化PPCPs去除的研究大多还处于实验室研究阶段,应用于实际污水处理时去除效果并不理想.因此,如何有效去除生活废水中的PPCPs是未来几年急需研究和解决的关键技术问题.通过综述典型PPCPs在污水处理厂的赋存状况、去除特性及其污泥吸附特性,探讨了污水处理过程中典型PPCPs在微生物、紫外光和臭氧作用下的降解转化行为,并基于当期研究不足,展望了污水中PPCPs去除及降解转化的研究方向:①实际生化处理对 PPCPs的去除特性调查研究；②生化处理过程中典型PPCPs微生物降解转化机制研究；③实际污水体系中紫外光/臭氧对典型PPCPs的降解转化机制研究；④微生物降解、光降解及臭氧氧化等去除污水中PPCPs的应用技术研究.研究结果可以为污水处理过程中典型PPCPs的污染治理提供参考.

Research Progress on Pollution Characteristics, Degradation, and Transformation of Typical PPCPs in the Process of Wastewater Treatment

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have received extensive attention as a new type of pollutant inin the 21st century, and the ecological and health risks caused by PPCPs have gradually been recognized by government regulatory agencies. Daily use of PPCPs has led to their frequent detection and high concentrations in the influent, effluent, and sludge of wastewater treatment plants, but traditional wastewater treatment processes can''t remove them effectively. Most research about enhancing the removal of PPCPs through microbial degradation, photodegradation, and ozonation is still in the laboratory research stage, and the removal effects are not satisfactory when applied to actual sewage treatment. Therefore, the effective removal of PPCPs from domestic wastewater is a critical technical problem that urgently needs to be studied and solved in the coming years. At present, many scholars do not have a comprehensive understanding about the degradation and transformation behaviors of microbes, ultraviolet, and ozone for typical PPCPs in the wastewater treatment process, so it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis and discussion. In this study, 16 typical PPCPs frequently detected in sewage treatment plants were selected as research objects through a literature review. The occurrence, removal characteristics, and sludge adsorption properties of typical PPCPs in wastewater treatment plants were analyzed and summarized. The degradation and transformation behavior of typical PPCPs under microbial, ultraviolet, and ozone treatments in the wastewater treatment process were also discussed. Finally, based on current research gaps, some research directions for the removal and transformation of PPCPs in wastewater were proposed:① investigation into the removal characteristics of PPCPs by actual biochemical treatment; ② study on the mechanism of microbial degradation and transformation of typical PPCPs during biochemical treatment; ③ study on the degradation and transformation mechanism of typical PPCPs by UV/ozone in an actual sewage system; and ④ research on the application technology of removing PPCPs from sewage via microbial degradation, photodegradation, ozone oxidation, etc. The relevant results of this study can provide a reference for the pollution control of typical PPCPs in the sewage treatment process.