基于GIS技术的万州区人居环境自然适宜性

科学度量人居环境自然适宜性空间格局，对于界定主体功能区和人口发展功能区、引导人口合理分布与流动，促进人口与资源协调发展具有重要意义。运用GIS技术，建立包括地形起伏度、地被指数、水文指数和自然灾害危险度的万州区人居环境自然适宜程度空间格局。结果显示万州区的人居环境指数介于1642~8460。沿长江一带自然适宜程度最高，西北其次，东南部最差。比较适宜区面积最广，占万州区总面积的31%；一般适宜区居次，占2481%；临界适宜区占1892%；高度适宜区面积占1576%，不适宜地区面积最小，仅占95%。万州区总人口的7713%分布在一般适宜区及其以上的区域，相应面积占全区域的7158%，说明人居环境的自然适宜程度从根本上决定着万州区人口分布的地理格局。实证表明基于GIS技术的测评人居环境自然适宜性的空间格局，能引导人口有序流动和适度聚集，促进人口与经济社会、资源环境的协调和可持续发展提供科学依据和重要参考

NATURE SUITABILITY FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENT BASED ON GIS TECHNOLOGY

Scientifically evaluating natural suitability for human settlement and defining function zones of population development will promote coordinated regional development between population,resources and environment.In this paper,terrain,hydrology,vegetation and hazard natural factors were selected to build the livable environmental evaluation,and the quantitative analysis was conducted through Remote Sensing(RS) and Geographic Informational System(GIS) to reveal geo-graphical characteristics and spatial patterns.The results are obtained as follows.(1) The index of nature suitability for human settlement in Wanzhou region was between 16.42 and 84.60.(2) In general,nature suitability for human settlement decreased from central to northwest to southeast.The index of nature suitability for human settlement is closely related to the terrain and the water.(3) Considering area,the moderate suitable region ranked first,accounting for about 31% of the total area of Wanzhou region;and the common suitable region ranked second,about 24.81% of the total;and the unsuitable area ranked last,only about 9.5%.On the other hand,the population of the region was concentrated in regions with higher nature suitability.About 77.13% of Wanzhou’s population was concentrated in grade one of common suitable region and above that level.Spatial distribution of population was profoundly affected by nature suitability for human settlement in Wanzhou district.