我国农业非点源污染成因及解决对策

农业非点源污染目前已成为全球水污染的主要来源。对我国农业非点源污染成因的分析表明:农药、化肥的大量使用,不同灌溉方式、生产生活废弃物和规模化畜禽养殖等与农业非点源污染的形成之间均有密切的关系,应从农田径流控制、小流域综合治理、发展生态农业等方面开展农业非点源污染防治。实施农田养分最佳管理技术、开发农业非点源污染管理应用软件、完善农业生态补偿机制将成为我国农业非点源污染研究的发展趋势。

The Reasons of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution and Its Control

At present, agricultural non-point source pollution is becoming the major part of water deterioration. In this paper, the analysis of agricultural non-point source showed that the application of fertilizer and pesticides, different irrigation methods, manufacture and life wastes and large scale breed had close relation with agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Some prevent approaches should be taken from the farmland runoff, the watershed management and the development of ecological agriculture. The development trend on controlling non-point source pollution will be the implementation of nutrient management, the development of application management software and the improvement of agricultural compensation mechanism.