基于Costanza模型的我国粮食主产区生态服务价值评估研究

生态安全是粮食主产区实现粮食安全主体功能的前提和保障。运用Costanza模型实证测算了2014年我国13个粮食主产省(区)生态系统服务价值及空间分异,重点考察了农田生态系统及其粮食作物供给的生态服务价值贡献。研究发现:我国粮食主产区农田生态系统的粮食供给服务价值与粮食产能存在错配现象;在整个生态系统中农田生态系统的生态服务价值贡献率仅为10.4%,而食物生产作物为主的生态供给服务价值仅占陆地生态系统的9.23%;生态系统服务价值空间分异突出,南北分化严重;粮食安全保障存在较大的生态隐患和生态服务价值损失。相对于耕地"红线",生态"红线"才是确保粮食安全的根本底线。

EVALUATION ON ESV OF MAJOR GRAIN-PRODUCING AREAS IN CHINA: THE EMPERICAL RESEARCH BASED ON COSTANZA MODEL

Ecological security functions are the precondition and guarantee for the main grain-producing areas to ensure the security of grains.Based on Contanza Model,this study tests the ecosystem service value (ESV) and the spatial variation in 13 main grain-producing areas of China by empirical research in 2014,with focus on the contributions of farmland ecosystem and provisionment to the ESV.The results showed that the provisionment in the farmland ecosystem cannot match the grain production,with a contribution rate of 10.4％ of the ESV and food-supplying service value accounted for only 9.23％.There was clear ESV spatial variation and the difference between the South and North was evident.Therefore,there exists serious threat and loss of ESV in grain's security.Compared with the minimum arable land,the ecological red line should be regarded as the best way to ensure the security of grains.