江苏省光伏电池行业污泥产排污特征

江苏省光伏电池行业的飞速发展带来了环境污染问题,特别是产排污泥等固体废物。目前缺乏关于光伏电池行业污泥的危险废物处理鉴定的管理标准、技术政策等,相关研究更是匮乏。经过调研考察,选取江苏省5家光伏电池企业作为代表进行分析计算,调查其产品类型及工艺流程,计算其产量和废水量、污泥产量,含氟污泥的氟化物浓度和重金属浸出浓度等。以一家企业为例,对产生氟化物的各生产环节进行定量计算。结果表明:光电伏电池企业污泥排污系数分布在1.2~6.4 t/MW,氟化物排污系数为1.28~2.05 mg/MW;污泥的产量不仅与废水量有关,还与废水的来源、处理工艺、污泥的含水率等有关;典型企业的氟化物产生量即产污系数为2.859 t/MW;污泥重金属浸出浓度较低。

Characteristics of sludge generation and discharge from photovoltaic cell industry in Jiangsu Province

The rapid development of photovoltaic cell industry in Jiangsu Province has brought about environmental pollution problems, especially sludge and other solid waste pollution. Currently, there lack management standards and technical policies for the sludge hazardous waste treatment and identification in the industry, and relevant research is relatively scarce. Based on an overall investigation, five representative companies were chosen for study in photovoltaic cell industry in Jiangsu Province. The product types and the technological processes were investigated, and the product yields, sewage sludge generation, and fluoride content and heavy metal extraction content of mud with fluorine, etc. calculated. Taking one company for instance, the quantitative calculation was performed for each production link of fluoride generation. It turned out that the sludge discharge coefficient of photovoltaic cell companies was at 1.2-6.4 tons/MW, and the fluoride discharge coefficient was at 1.28-2.05 mg/MW. The output of sludge not only related to sewage load, but also related to the source, treatment technologies of sewage and sludge water content. The fluoride generation coefficient of typical companies was 2.859 tons/MW. The heavy metal extraction content of sludge was low.