剩余污泥碱性发酵产物对硝化过程及性能的影响

为探究剩余污泥碱性发酵产物作为碳源对硝化过程及性能的影响,建立了以污泥碱性发酵混合物作为碳源的生物脱氮(BNR)系统.投加初期,氨氧化菌(AOB)和亚硝态氮氧化菌(NOB)活性均受到抑制;16 d后AOB活性开始迅速恢复,NOB活性仍受到抑制,比硝态氮积累速率(SNaPR,以N/VSS计)由初始的0.179 1 g·(g·d)~(-1)下降至0.007 8 g·(g·d)~(-1),系统内亚硝积累率由8.12%上升至91.42%并维持稳定.将污泥发酵混合物分离为污泥发酵液和污泥发酵底泥,考察添加3种不同类型的发酵产物对硝化效果良好的全程硝化污泥硝化活性的影响.结果表明,投加污泥碱性发酵混合物和投加碱性发酵液的实验组,NOB活性皆有所下降,SNaPR由初始的0.179 3 g·(g·d)~(-1)分别下降至0.151 0 g·(g·d)~(-1)和0.161 7 g·(g·d)~(-1);投加发酵底泥的实验组,NOB的活性有所上升,SNaPR由0.179 3 g·(g·d)~(-1)上升至0.186 4 g·(g·d)~(-1).因此,当利用污泥发酵混合物和发酵液作为碳源时,在硝化过程中,能抑制系统内NOB的活性,实现短程硝化过程,有利于加速硝化速率及节省该类型碳源的投加.

Effect of Alkaline Sludge Fermentation Products on the Nitrification Process and Performance

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alkaline sludge fermentation products as a carbon source on the nitrification process and performance. During the operation of a biological nitrogen removal (BNR) system with sludge fermentation mixture as the carbon source, the activities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were inhibited at the beginning. After 16 days, the activity of AOB began to recover rapidly, but the activity of NOB was still inhibited. The specific nitrate production rate (SNaPR, N/VSS) decreased from 0.1791 g·(g·d)^-1 to 0.0078 g·(g·d)^-1. At the same time, the nitrite accumulation rate increased from 8.12% to 91.42% and remained stable. The sludge fermentation mixture was separated into sludge fermentation liquid and sludge fermentation sediment. The changes in nitrification activity by adding different types of fermentation products were investigated. The results showed that the activity of NOB decreased in the experimental group fed with the sludge fermentation mixture and the fermentation liquid. The SNaPR decreased from an initial 0.1793 g·(g·d)^-1 to 0.1510 g·(g·d)^-1 and 0.1617 g·(g·d)^-1, respectively. In the experimental group fed with fermentation sediment, the activity of NOB increased. SNaPR rose from 0.1793 g·(g·d)^-1 to 0.1864 g·(g·d)^-1. Therefore, the activity of the NOB can be inhibited when the sludge fermentation mixture and the fermentation liquid are used as a carbon source in the nitrification process. In addition, the short-range nitrification process can be realized, which is beneficial to accelerating the reaction speed and saving investment in this type of carbon source.