土壤净化槽对农村污水中内分泌干扰物的去除效果

以土壤净化槽污水处理系统为研究对象,采用固相萃取-色谱质谱检测方法,分析了云南洱海流域农村污水中3种天然雌激素类内分泌干扰物〔E1(雌酮)、E2(雌二醇)和E3(雌三醇)〕和2种人工合成内分泌干扰物〔EE2(炔雌醇)和BPA(双酚A)〕的质量浓度与去除效果. 结果表明,洱海流域农村污水中天然雌激素的质量浓度远高于人工合成内分泌干扰物,E1与E2为污水中天然雌激素内分泌干扰物的主要成分,占87.1%~99.2%. 土壤净化槽对天然雌激素类内分泌干扰物、EE2和BPA的净化能力分别为1.42~168.21、0.64和3.48mg/(m2·a). E1、E2和E3在土壤中的平均残留率分别为4.3%、6.3%和3.8%,其中90%以上的雌激素物质在土壤净化槽系统中被降解或转化. 土壤净化槽对天然雌激素、EE2和BPA的平均去除率分别为70.3%、63.6%和77.8%,对常规污染物COD_Cr(69.8%)、TP(88.7%)、TN(57.2%)和NH₃-N(88.7%)的去除效果也较好. 土壤净化槽可以有效去除村落污水中的内分泌干扰物、有机物以及氮磷污染物,对削减村镇面源污染、减少入湖污染负荷以及改善流域内的水环境质量具有重要作用. 

Removal of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Rural Sewage by Soil Trench Systems

This study demonstrated the efficiency of the soil trench system for removal of EDCs, COD_Cr, phosphorous and nitrogen contaminants in rural sewage and the effectiveness in controlling the non-point source agricultural pollution. Attenuation of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) including three natural (Estrone (E1), estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3)) and two artificially synthesized (17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and biphenyl-A (BPA)) chemicals were evaluated in soil trench systems along with a rural domestic sewage in the basin area of Erhai Lake. The results showed that concentrations of natural estrogens were higher than those of synthetic EE2and BPA for the sixteen sampling sites. The sum of E1and E2accounted for 87.1%-99.2% of the total amount of natural estrogen. The removal rates of the soil trench system for Natural estrogen, EE2and BPA were 1.42-168.21,0.64and 3.48mg/(m2·a), while the amount of natural estrogens remaining in the soil accounted for approximately 4.3%, 6.3% and 3.8% of the initial influent amounts of E1, E2and E3, respectively. In general, soil trench system can effectively remove natural estrogens (70.3%), EE2(63.6%) and BPA (77.8%). Meanwhile, removals of COD_Cr (69.8%), TP (88.7%), TN (57.2%) and NH₃-N (88.7%) were also observed during system operation.