两种膜生物反应器处理养猪沼液的比较研究

养猪沼液有机物和氨氮浓度高,碳氮比低,生化处理难度大.本文对比研究了生物膜式膜生物反应器(biofilm membrane bioreactor,BF-MBR)和传统膜生物反应器(MBR)在进水化学需氧量(COD)和总氮(TN)比值分别为1.0±0.2和2.3±0.4条件下对养猪沼液的处理效果.结果表明,养猪沼液COD/TN为1.0±0.2时,两套反应器的出水水质都较差且波动较大.进水COD/TN比值提高到2.3±0.4后,两套系统的出水水质和运行稳定性均得到大幅度提高;BF-MBR对COD和氨氮的去除率分别为92.3%±2.4%和97.5%±4.1%,略优于MBR的91.9%±1.5%和91.2%±14.0%.与MBR相比,BF-MBR因生物膜的影响,对总氮和总磷去除率分别达36.7%±19.5%和54.0%±18.9%,显著高于MBR去除率19.2%±12.4%和29.0%±18.1%;BF-MBR系统比MBR减少了近40%的外加碱耗.BF-MBR比MBR有更好的污染物去除效果且消耗更少的外加碱剂,因此对处理沼液的适用性更好.

A Comparative Study on Two Membrane Bioreactors for the Treatment of Digested Piggery Wastewater

With high concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium while low ratio of COD to total nitrogen (TN), digested piggery wastewater is difficult to treat using conventional biological methods. In this study, a biofilm membrane bioreactor (BF-MBR) and a traditional type of membrane bioreactor (MBR) were parallel operated to treat digested piggery wastewater, and the pollutant removal performance were compared at influent COD/TN ratios of 1.0±0.2 and 2.3±0.4, respectively. The results showed that the effluent quality in both reactors was poor and unstable when the influent COD/TN ratio was 1.0±0.2. The effluent quality and stability were greatly improved as the influent COD/TN ratio was increased to 2.3±0.4. The removal rates of COD and ammonium were respectively 92.3%±2.4% and 97.5%±4.1% in BF-MBR, slightly higher than 91.9%±1.5% and 91.2%±14.0% in MBR. Benefited from the biofilm, 36.7%±19.5% of TN and 54.0%±18.9% of TP were removed by BF-MBR, significantly higher than the respective values of 19.2%±12.4% and 29.0%±18.1% by MBR. Moreover, BF-MBR consumed less than 40% of the alkaline chemicals as MBR. BF-MBR was considered more suitable for treatment of digested piggery wastewater due to its better pollutant removal performance and low consumption of alkaline.