低温碱性熔体脱氯解毒农药废物及氯盐的富集

以二氯苯酚为代表，采用NaOH-KOH混盐熔体对农药废物进行脱氯解毒处理.研究了温度、碱料比、反应时间等参数对脱氯效率的影响.结果表明，当NaOH和KOH摩尔比为1：1时，混盐的熔点较低，脱氯效果最好.提高碱料比和反应时间可以明显提高脱氯效率，当碱料比为20，反应时间为180min，温度为200℃时，二氯苯酚的脱氯效率达到80.1%.采用多种手段对熔渣进行了分析，红外光谱显示二氯苯酚中的苯环和C-Cl键被破坏，形成了多种氧化中间体.X射线衍射图谱显示反应过程中生成的氯化氢有效保留在碱性熔体中形成氯盐并逐渐富集.

Dechlorination and detoxication of pesticides and chlorine salt enrichment using molten NaOH-KOH

In this paper, molten NaOH-KOH mixture was selected as the medium for the destruction of pesticides, with the 2,4-dichlorophenol as an example. The effect of temperature, hydroxide amount and reaction time were investigated. The equal molal weight showed a best dechlorination rate and the increased temperature as well as hydroxide amount can promoted the dechlorination reaction. When the temperature of 200℃, reaction time of 180min and hydroxide amount of 20g, the dechlorination efficiency acquired 80.1%. The FTIR spectra demonstrated the cleavage of benzene ring and C-Cl bond, leading to the generation of intermediate products. Gases like HCl was restrained by the molten salt medium to form chlorine salt, according to the XRD patterns.