基于动态质量平衡的室内颗粒物沉降规律研究

目前室内颗粒物污染问题已经受到广泛关注.越来越多的流行病学研究表明，大气悬浮颗粒物浓度对人体健康存在显著的负影响.由于个人在室内滞留的时间可能超过全天时间的90％，因此剖析室外颗粒物向室内的传输渗透机理，对掌握室内微环境下的颗粒浓度水平至关重要.本实验以青岛一办公室为研究对象，使用具有4个尺寸间隔的光学计数器同时测量室内和室外的颗粒物浓度，粒径分布范围在0.3~2.5μm，采集时间为2016年4月~9月.根据实验数据，采用基于时间的动态质量平衡模型，估算了换气次数在0.03~0.25h^-1范围内的室内颗粒物渗透率和沉降速率分别为0.45~0.82h^-1和0.94~2.82m/h，并分析了这些参数随粒径大小的变化规律.其结论为进一步研究颗粒物在室内的传输机理和运动轨迹提供参数.

Study on the deposition law of indoor particulate matters based on dynamic mass equlibrium

Recently, the problem of indoor particulate matter pollution has received much attention. An increasing number of epidemiological studies have shown that the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter has a significant negative effect on human health. Since individuals may spend more than 90% of their time indoors, it is critical to understand the relationship between the particle concentrations from outdoors and those indoor micro-environments. In this experiment, taking an example of the office room located in Qingdao, an optical counter with four size intervals was employed to measure the indoor and outdoor particle size distribution in the range of 0.3~2.5μm and the collection time from April to September, 2016. Based on the experimental data, a time-based dynamic mass balance model was used to estimate the number of exchange air rate as 0.03~0.25h^-1.The results of penetration factor and deposition velocity in the range of natural ventilation were 0.45~0.82h^-1 and 0.94~2.82m/h, respectively. In addition, the variation of indoor particle distribution parameters with the size was also investigated. This study provided the data for the further research on the transport mechanism and trajectory of indoor particles.