静态磁场对生物滴滤池强化的研究——以三氯乙烯废气的去除及细菌群落结构研究为例

构建了实验室规模磁场强化的生物滴滤池（MF-BTF），并设对照生物滴滤池（S-BTF），以火山石为载体，接种活性污泥，处理目标废气三氯乙烯（TCE）.研究了不同磁场强度下，2种生物滴滤池在稳定运行期间对TCE的去除效果，并采用高通量测序技术对滴滤池中细菌群落结构与功能进行了分析.实验结果表明：在好氧条件下，当空床停留时间（EBRT）为202.5s，苯酚浓度为0.20g/L，TCE浓度范围为53.6~337.1mg/m³时，对TCE的去除效果依次为MF-BTF（60.0mT） > MF-BTF（30.0mT） > S-BTF（0.0mT） > MF-BTF（130.0mT），其去除率（RE）和最大去除容量（EC）分别为92.2%~45.5%，2656.8mg/（m³×h）；89.8%~37.2%，2169.1mg/（m³×h）；89.8%~29.8%，1967.7mg/（m³×h）；76.0%~20.8%，1697.1mg/（m³×h）.高通量测序结果表明：磁场强度为60.0mT时，细菌群落均匀度（Shannon index，Simpson index）及丰富度（OTUs，Chao1，ACE）均小于0.0mT的情况；但是60.0mT下优势门、纲、属为Proteobacteria，Gammaproteobacteria，Acinetobacter，丰度明显大于0.0mT，丰度分别为73.3%，36.8%，34.7%；69.6%，18.2%，10.9%.实验结果表明合适的磁场强度可以增大优势菌群的丰度，提高对TCE的去除效果.本实验为提高生物滴滤池的工业废气处理效果提供了有效的借鉴，具有广泛的应用前景.

The strengthening effect of a static magnetic field on biotrickling filter-Study on trichloroethylene removal and bacterial community

A laboratory-scale biotrickling filter combined with a magnetic field (MF-BTF) and a single BTF (S-BTF) packed with laver rocks were set up to treat trichloroethylene (TCE) gas through inoculation of activated sludge.The influences of different MF intensities were investigated and high-throughput sequencing was studied to bacteria community and functions.The results showed that in aerobic conditions,with 0.20g/L of phenol,53.6 to 337.1mg/m³ of TCE,and empty bed residence times (EBRT) of 202.5s,the performances followed the order MF-BTF (60.0mT) > MF-BTF (30.0mT) > S-BTF (0.0mT) > MF-BTF (130.0mT),and the removal efficiencies (REs) and maximum elimination capacities (ECs) corresponded to:92.2%~45.5%,2656.8mg/(m³×h);89.8%~37.2%,2169.1mg/(m³×h);89.8%~29.8%,1967.7mg/(m³×h);76.0%~20.8%,1697.1mg/(m³×h),respectively.High-throughput sequencing indicated that the bacterial diversity was lower,whereas the relative abundances of predominant bacteria:Proteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Acinetobacter were higher in MF-BTF (60.0mT:73.3%,36.8%,34.7%) than that in S-BTF (0mT:69.6%,18.2%,10.9%).Results confirmed that a proper MF could improve TCE removal performance in BTF.