基于多流域生态网络模型的用水系统结构特征演化分析

以黄淮海流域为案例,将其涵盖生态环境和社会经济用水的水资源利用系统作为研究对象,构建多流域生态网络模型,从系统整体角度自上而下对其进行描述并开展生态网络分析,通过系统整体分析指标的计算,对黄淮海流域在2003~2014年期间系统结构特征的演化进行了分析.研究结果表明,2003~2014年期间,通过"十一五"、"十二五"规划所开展的多项水资源可持续利用措施的实施,系统受到来自外界环境的压力和干扰有所减小,系统逐渐趋于稳定,但却仍存在着生态用水量严重短缺的问题,系统的可持续性还有待进一步研究和提高.

Analysis of the network structure evolution of water use systems based on multi-basin ecological network model

In this research, with basins of Huanghe River, Haihe River and Huaihe River (the HHH basins)as a case, and make the ecological and environmental factors coupled with social economic wateractivities in water use systems as object, a multi-basin ecological network model was constructed and method of ecological network analysis was applied. Through calculations of whole system network indicators, the evolution of network structure characteristics for the HHH basins during 2003 to 2014 wasanalyzed. The results showed that, during 2003 to 2014, due to the implementation of some effective measures for sustainable water use in periods of the 11th Five-Year Plan and the 12th Five-Year Plan, the pressure and disturbance on water use networks from outside of the boundary had lessened and system became more stable. However, the shortage in requirement of environmental flow was still serious in this area. Therefore, much work need to be further studied in the future toward the sustainable development of water use systems.