基于移动激光雷达观测的徐州市区气溶胶分布特征

将微脉冲激光雷达与GPS等仪器集成在车辆上组成移动观测系统，以徐州市为研究区域，开展大气环境立体走航式观测获取了2015年1月11日（重度污染）、12日（空气质量良好）、17日（轻度污染）3d的市区不同路线的1.5km以下的气溶胶消光廓线信号.结果表明，空气质量良好和轻度污染情况时，徐州市近地面气溶胶消光系数相对高值点主要位于商业区域和工业区域.商业区域的污染物主要来自车辆尾气的排放，车流量的大小决定了消光系数值的高低；工业区域的污染物主要来自火电厂的排放，占比达到70%以上.重度污染天气情况下，近地面气溶胶消光系数主要受污染过程的时间演变控制.气溶胶的垂直分布与边界层的演变密切相关，下午的边界层高度比上午普遍要高，晴朗且空气质量良好的情况下，边界层最高，达到1km以上.气溶胶消光系数高值基本出现在250m以下的近地面.工业区域火电厂排放的烟尘主要出现在1km左右.使用不同的仪器测量得到的气溶胶光学厚度趋势大致相同，激光雷达反演的气溶胶光学厚度波动最大.微脉冲激光雷达与GPS等仪器组成的移动观测平台能够有效地探测城市小范围的气溶胶时空分布，而且便捷有效，具有灵活机动性和推广应用价值.

Aerosol distribution characteristics in Xuzhou based on mobile lidar observation

A mobile multi-sensor observing system consisting of a ground-based Micro Pulse Lidar and a GPS was introduced in this paper, which was used to analyze aerosol extinction coefficient profiles measurements that lower than 1.5km, over Xuzhou observed on 11January (heavy pollution), 12January (low pollution), 17January (moderate) in 2015. The results showed that during low and moderate pollution days, high values of the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient were observed in the commercial and industrial areas, resulting from vehicle exhaust and thermal power plant emissions, respectively. During high pollution days, the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient was mainly governed by the evolution of the pollution. The vertical distribution of aerosols was associated with the changing planetary boundary layer. The altitude of the planetary boundary layer in the afternoon was generally higher than the one in the morning, and reached the highest level (~1km) when the weather was fine and the air quality was fair. High values of the aerosol extinction coefficient were mostly found below 250m. Fly ash emissions by coal-fired thermal power plants over industrial areas were detected around 1km. The aerosol optical depth trends measured by different instruments were roughly the same, and the fluctuation of aerosol optical depth of Lidar was the most. The mobile multi-sensor observing system was proven to reliably observe the spatio-temporal distribution of aerosols over a city in a small regional scale, which had high flexibility and can be widely applied.