基于卫星遥感中国甲醛的时空分布及影响因子

基于OMIHCHO数据日产品，对2016年全国甲醛柱浓度数据进行了提取分析，并结合全国各省市温度、降雨量、植被覆盖度、人类活动等数据，在空间上与甲醛柱浓度做了相关性分析.结果表明：我国甲醛柱浓度空间分布极不平衡，呈现出东部及东南部地区甲醛柱浓度值普遍较高，而我国的西部及西北部地区表现出较低值；甲醛柱浓度月均值最低为8.31×10¹⁵molec/cm²，出现在10月份，最高为11.87×10¹⁵molec/cm²，出现在6月份，如果按照季节划分甲醛柱浓度均值，夏季 > 春季 > 冬季 > 秋季；从气象因子与甲醛柱浓度相关性分析结果来看，温度与甲醛柱浓度之间的相关性更为密切，但表现出空间上的差异性，此外，雨水对甲醛有一定的消除作用，但也在空间上有差异；由植被与甲醛柱浓度相关性结果来看，植被主要对东部及东南部地区甲醛柱浓度影响作用明显.甲醛柱浓度与各省市的地区生产总值、各产业增加值、机动车保有量的变化也存在着明显的相关性，而各产业增加值中工业与其相关性最高，说明工业排放和汽车尾气也是甲醛的主要来源.

Spatial and temporal distribution and related factors analysis of formaldehyde in China,based on satellite remote sensing

The data of this research (national formaldehyde column concentration in 2016) was extracted from OMIHCHO (OMI/Aura Formaldehyde[HCHO] Total Column Daily L2Global Gridded 0.25degree×0.25degree V3). The characteristics of the spatial and temporal distribution of formaldehyde column concentration was analyzed, and then several correlated factors such as temperature, rainfall, vegetation coverage and human activities in various provinces and cities in China were discussed. Results were listed as following:the spatial distribution of formaldehyde column concentration is very unbalance was China. The formaldehyde column concentration was high in the eastern and southeast areas, while the western and northwestern parts of China show relatively low values. The lowest monthly average formaldehyde concentration was 8.31×10¹⁵molec/cm² in October and the highest was 11.87×10¹⁵molec/cm² in June. If the mean of formaldehyde concentration was arranged by the seasons from high to low, it would be summer, spring, winter and autumn. Concerning of correlation between meteorological factors (temperature, rainfall and vegetation) and formaldehyde column concentration, all results showed the spatial difference, but the formaldehyde column concentration was most influenced by the temperature; the rainfall caused a certain degree of formaldehyde elimination; and the vegetation significantly increases the concentration of formaldehyde column in the eastern and southeastern regions. There was also a significant correlation among the concentration of formaldehyde and the regional GDP, industrial value and the increase of motor vehicle ownership of various regions. The industrial added value had the highest correlation with formaldehyde, this conclusion confirms that industrial and automobile emissions was the main sources of formaldehyde.