杭州市公共场所内空气中PBDEs污染特征及暴露

为评估杭州市典型室内公共场所空气中多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的污染现状，2016年5~8月和9~12月期间，采用空气被动采样技术（PUF-PAS）在17家室内公共场所总计采集54个空气样品，经样品预处理和GC-ECD分析后，结果表明，5类环境空气样品中∑₁₄PBDEs浓度均值大小依次为网咖（2470.43pg/m³）>建材市场（1119.87pg/m³）>电子市场（660.84pg/m³）>商场（478.37pg/m³）>图书城（182.18pg/m³）.最主要的特征单体均为BDE-209，占总量的36.79%~56.21%，BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-153、BDE-183也是PBDEs在空气中较主要的同系物，其最高浓度分别占7.77%，7.56%，6.32%和7.73%.评估PBDEs人群暴露水平的结果表明，网咖内暴露水平最高，图书城则为最低，其浓度分别为570.10和44.79pg/（kg×d）.室内空气中，对人群PBDEs总摄入量贡献最高的特征单体是BDE-209，平均水平为18.44~323.70pg/（kg×d），最低的则为BDE-183，平均水平为1.75~20.05pg/（kg×d），目前杭州市各典型室内公共场所PBDEs人群暴露水平相比美国环境保护署（EPA）提出的参考剂量较低.

Contamination characteristic and exposure of PBDEs via air in indoor public places in Hangzhou

In order to investigate the contaminant status of PBDEs in indoor air from Hangzhou, 54samples were collected by PUF-PAS from 17indoor public places from May to August and September to December in 2016, after pretreatment and GC-ECD analysis of samples, the results revealed that the geometric means of 14PBDE congeners in air samples from five typical indoor public places were in the order of netcafes (2470.43pg/m³) > building materials markets (1119.87pg/m³) > electronic markets (660.84pg/m³) > shopping malls (478.37pg/m³) > libraries (182.18pg/m³). BDE-209 was the dominant congener of PBDEs that accounting for 36.79%~56.21%, and BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153, BDE-183also made a significant contribution with their highest concentration of 7.77%, 7.56%, 6.32%, 7.73% of the total PBDEs, respectively. The calculation inhalation exposure revealed that the exposure level of PBDEs in netcafes was the highest and in library was the lowest, with the value of 570.10pg/(kg·d) and 44.79pg/(kg·d), respectively. Moreover, BDE-209 contributed of the total intake of PBDEs was the highest with the value of 18.44~323.70pg/(kg×d) while the value of BDE-183 was the lowest with the value of 1.75~20.05pg/(kg×d), the exposure level of PBDEs in the studied indoor public places were lower than the reference dose of EPA.