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Conceptual Frameworks and Methods for Advancing Invasion Ecology |
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| Authors: | Tina Heger Anna T. Pahl Zoltan Botta-Dukát Francesca Gherardi Christina Hoppe Ivan Hoste Kurt Jax Leena Lindström Pieter Boets Sylvia Haider Johannes Kollmann Meike J. Wittmann Jonathan M. Jeschke |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Restoration Ecology, Technische Universit?t München (TUM), Emil-Ramann-Str. 6, 85350, Freising, Germany 2. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA 3. Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Alkotmány u. 2-4, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary 4. Department of Evolutionary Biology ?Leo Pardi“, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125, Florence, Italy 5. Institute of Ecology, Evolution & Diversity, Plant Ecology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany 6. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, 1860, Meise, Belgium 7. Department of Conservation Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany 8. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyv?skyl?, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyv?skyl?, Finland 9. Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, 9000, Ghent, Belgium 13. Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany 10. Department of Biology II, Ecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshadernder Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany 11. Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, P.O. Box AB, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA |
| Abstract: | Invasion ecology has much advanced since its early beginnings. Nevertheless, explanation, prediction, and management of biological invasions remain difficult. We argue that progress in invasion research can be accelerated by, first, pointing out difficulties this field is currently facing and, second, looking for measures to overcome them. We see basic and applied research in invasion ecology confronted with difficulties arising from (A) societal issues, e.g., disparate perceptions of invasive species; (B) the peculiarity of the invasion process, e.g., its complexity and context dependency; and (C) the scientific methodology, e.g., imprecise hypotheses. To overcome these difficulties, we propose three key measures: (1) a checklist for definitions to encourage explicit definitions; (2) implementation of a hierarchy of hypotheses (HoH), where general hypotheses branch into specific and precisely testable hypotheses; and (3) platforms for improved communication. These measures may significantly increase conceptual clarity and enhance communication, thus advancing invasion ecology. |
| Keywords: | Communication platforms Definitions and terminology Hierarchy of hypotheses Invasive alien species Synthesis Transdisciplinarity |
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