微生物燃料电池技术对土壤中铅(Pb2+)的去除研究

为探讨微生物燃料电池对土壤中重金属的去除效能，测定双室MFCs的产电性能。实验以盐桥作为质子通道，构建并利用双室微生物燃料电池（MFCs）对土壤中铅（Pb2+）进行去除，铅（Pb2+）的测定采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法；电极板上铅（Pb）的富集采用扫描电镜观察和能谱方法分析；阳极液中分离的细菌的系统分类学位置通过分离、纯化和16S rDNA测序以及创建系统树来解析。实验表明:MFCs运行10 d后，土壤中铅（Pb）的去除率高达64.40%，最大电压值为69.63 mV；从阳极液中分离出的细菌的系统分类学位置分析表明，2株细菌分别与Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain LH15（KM893074）和Pseudomonas sp.putida strain（MF996382）同源性最高，且均为100%，两菌株分别为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和为恶臭假单胞菌，并分别命名为SKD-GYT-1（LC479453）和SKD-GYT-2（LC479454），对其产电能力的分析仍有待探索。研究表明，土壤微生物燃料电池的产电能力较高，对于土壤中铅的去除效果明显。

REMOVAL OF LEAD( Pb2+) FROM SOIL WITH MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS TECHNOLOGY

In order to investigate the removal capability of heavy metals from soil by microbial fuel cells, we measure the electrical performance of a double-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFCs), and salt bridge was used as the proton channel in MFCs. The concentration of lead(Pb2+) was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The enrichment of Pb on electrode plate was observed by scanning electron microscope and analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy. The systematic taxonomic position of the bacteria isolated from the anolyte was analyzed by isolation, purification, 16S rDNA sequencing, and the establishment of the system tree. The results showed that after 10 days of MFCs operation, the removal of lead (Pb2+) from soil was as high as 64.40%, and the maximum voltage was 69.63 mV. The systematic taxonomic position analysis of the bacteria isolated from the anolyte showed that the two bacteria had the highest homology of 100% with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain LH15 (KM893074) and Pseudomonas sp. putida strain (MF996382) respectively. Based on the above results, the two strains were defined into Stentrophomonas and Pseudomonas by genus, and named SKD-GYT-1 (LC479453) and SKD-GYT-2 (LC479454) respectively, and their power generation capacity remained to be explored. Soil microbial fuel cells have a high capacity of generating electricity and obvious effect on the removal of lead from soil.