基于水热碳化厕所黑水源分离处理的可行性分析

为解决传统集中式处理系统存在的工程量大、维护成本高、资源浪费等问题，将水热碳化技术用于厕所黑水源分离处理，提出了1种基于水热碳化的厕所黑水处理系统。试验设置温度梯度为200，210，220，230，240℃，反应停留时长为20，30 min，分析对比了反应产物的真空抽滤时长和滤渣含水率。结果表明:在200℃ 20 min、200℃ 30 min和210℃ 20 min 3组反应条件下抽滤时长>3 min，其余反应条件下均<1 min，随着反应温度的升高，滤渣的含水率逐渐下降。以处理量为200人/d对系统成本和能耗进行估算，系统成本和人均处理费用分别为10.3万元和0.08元。水热碳化后固体产物可进行资源化利用，废液和废气可通过真空蒸发和催化燃烧法进行处理。

FEASIBILITY STUDY ON TOILET BLACK WATER SOURCE SEPARATED TREATMENT BASED ON HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION

In order to solve the problems existing in traditional centralized treatment system, such as heavy workload, high maintenance cost and resource waste, hydrothermal carbonization in source separation treatment of toilet blackwater was studied. A treatment system of toilet black water based on hydrothermal carbonization was proposed. Subsequently, the test was set up at five temperature gradients of 200, 210, 220, 230, and 240 ℃, and two reaction residence times of 20 min and 30 min. The vacuum filtration time of the reaction product and the moisture content of the filter residue were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the time of vacuum filtration was longer than 3 minutes under the conditions of 200 ℃-20 min, 200 ℃-30 min and 210 ℃-20 min. The remaining reaction conditions were less than one minutes. With the increase of reaction temperature, the water content of filter residue decreased. The cost and energy consumption of the system were estimated with 200 person/day. The system cost and per capita processing cost were 103000 RMB and 0.08 RMB, respectively. Finally, it was pointed out that the solid products could be used as resources, the wastewater and exhaust gas could be treated by vacuum evaporation and catalytic combustion respectively.