生物炭对活性污泥中SMP和EPS的组成及脱氮除磷的影响

采用SBR工艺，研究不同生物质原料制成的生物炭粉末对活性污泥中的溶解性微生物产物（SMP）、胞外聚合物（EPS）的组成蛋白质（PN）、多糖（PS）]及其含量的影响；分析活性污泥MLVSS/MLSS的变化以及污水氮、磷的含量。结果表明:添加的生物炭起到连接污泥絮体的作用，菌胶团尺寸增大，污泥中微生物量明显增多。添加生物炭的活性污泥溶解性微生物产物（SMP）中蛋白质的含量减少了62.3%~76.6%。胞外聚合物（EPS）中蛋白质的含量增加了17.8%~32.8%，含有更多的氨基酸或蛋白质中的色氨酸、酪氨酸以及苯丙氨酸。猪粪生物炭（PMB）对活性污泥影响最大，污泥EPS的冻干物中含有更多的芳香族化合物及核酸类物质。添加生物炭后，活性污泥对氮的转化效率提高，氨氮更快地转化为亚硝态氮并使其达到较高的浓度，并且对磷也有更好的去除效果。

EFFECT OF BIOCHAR ON COMPOSITION OF SMP AND EPS IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE AND NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL

Effect of biochar powders prepared from different biomass materials on the composition (content of protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS)) of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymers (EPS) in activated sludge were studied using SBR process. MLVSS/MLSS changes of activated sludge and the nitrogen and phosphorus content of wastewater were analyzed. The results showed that the content of protein in activated sludge SMP decreased by 62.26%~76.58% after adding biochar, and the content of protein in activated sludge EPS increased by 17.83%~32.84%. However, the effect of biochar on the content of PS in activated sludge was not obvious. Activated sludge added with biochar contained more amino acids or tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine in the protein. Pig manure biochar (PMB) showed the most obviously effect on activated sludge, and there were more aromatics and nucleic acids in the freeze-dried EPS. The added biochar acted as the connecting bridge which increased the size of sludge flocs, changed the growth and metabolism environment of the microorganisms. Then, the amount of microorganisms in the sludge increased significantly, and the conversion efficiency of nitrogen was improved obviously. Ammonia nitrogen was converted to nitrite nitrogen rapidly and reached a relative high concentration. At the same time, the activated sludge showed better phosphorus removal effect after adding biochar.