不同入流类型对生态流量管理效果的影响

河流生态流量管理对于保护下游生态系统具有非常重要的作用。在水库生态调度的研究中，为了给不同流量时期提供不同生态流量，下游生态流量管理越来越复杂化。人们倾向于采用更复杂的生态流量管理来改善生态水文情势。然而，除了生态流量管理，水库入流类型也会影响生态水文情势，进而影响生态流量管理效果。因此，研究不同入流类型对生态流量管理效果的影响，有助于在考虑水库调度成本的情况下，在水库生态调度之前更好地选择生态流量管理方案。通过分析全球径流，总结出3种入流类型。为了对比不同的生态流量管理方案，采用了4种通用生态流量管理方案。结果表明:当水库入流量年内分配较均匀、流量曲线变换平缓时，生态流量管理方案的改变不会影响河流生态水文情势，即这种类型的入流对生态流量管理方案不敏感。

EFFECT OF INFLOW CLASSIFICATIONS ON THE RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW MANAGEMENT

Environmental flow (e-flow) management is very important for protecting downstream riverine ecosystem. In the research of reservoir ecological operation, in order to provide different e-flows for different periods, the e-flow management becomes more and more complicated. People tend to adopt more complicated e-flow management to improve ecological flow regime. However, not only e-flow management affects ecological flow regime, reservoir inflow classification also influences ecological flow regime, and further influences the results of e-flow management. Studying the effect of flow classifications on the results of e-flow management is helpful to choose the better e-flow management before reservoir operation, especially when it is necessary to consider investment cost. In this paper, through the analysis of global streamflows, three types of inflow sequences were summarized. To compare different e-flow management strategies, we adopted four universal e-flow management strategies. This paper draw some general conclusions. When reservoir inflows was distributed evenly during the whole year, the change of e-flow management strategies wouldn’t affect ecological flow regime. Thus, the reservoir inflows in this type were not sensitive to the change of e-flow management strategies.