二次过街路口行人违反交通法规规律的研究

为了解在不同类型二次过街路口行人违反交通法规闯红灯的违法率,找出二次过街路口不同参数对行人违法率的影响,从而找出降低路口行人违法率的对策,保障路口行人交通安全和人车流畅通,本文选取上海市5种类型的二次过街路口调查行人在路口的违法率.通过分析调查数据,行人在路口一次穿越车道数为2～7,两次穿越车道总数为6～12,违法率随车道数的增加而降低.在红灯等待时间90 s之内,行人违法率随等待时间的升高呈一定的下降趋势.红灯等待时间在90～150 s之间,行人违法率没有确定的规律.安全岛、引导护栏、中继信号灯等设施具有明显降低行人违法率的作用.根据二次过街路口设置安全岛、引导护栏、中继信号灯、车道数以及是否从路边穿越5个影响因素的安全评价系数之和建立综合安全评价系数,得到行人在二次过街路口违法率随综合安全评价系数的增大而降低.研究表明,完善和优化二次过街路口的设施参数可以降低路口行人违法率.

Regularity of the pedestrian violations of traffic rules at twice-crossing intersections

The paper intends to report the author's study of the regularity of the pedestrian violation of the traffic rules at twice-crossing intersection(PVTR) while crossing a red-light at different types of intersections so as to work out different related parameters affecting the rate of PVTR.As a result,it has come up with the countermeasures for reducing such rates and in turn enhances their traffic safety and eases the traffic flow at the crossroads.As a case study,the author has investigated the pedestrian's traffic rules violation rate with five types of twice-crossing crossroads in Shanghai.The results of analyzing the observations,the number of pedestrian once-crossing vehicle lanes stand between 2 and 7 while that of pedestrian twice-crossing vehicle lanes is between 6 and 12.With the number of vehicle lanes increasing,the rate of PVTR decreases. If the time of pedestrian waiting for the red light is less than 90 seconds,the rate of PVTR presents a decreasing trend.But if the time of pedestrian waiting for the red light is from 90 seconds to 150 seconds,no clear regularity can be found about the rate.Installations of twice-crossing intersections,such as safety island,guiding parapet,pedestrian signal light,may have obvious effects on the reduction of the violation rate.Based on the total of the five safety evaluation parameters of the installations,such as the safety island,guiding parapet,pedestrian signal light and number of vehicle lanes,the paper set up a comprehensive safety evaluation coefficient of pedestrian crossing the intersection.Thus,it can be concluded that the rate of PVTR decreases with the coefficient increase.Therefore,it is essential to perfect and optimize the parameters of installations of twice-crossing intersections so as to reduce such rates.