鳙幼鱼游泳能力和游泳行为的研究与评价

利用自制的鱼类游泳实验装置，采用递增流速法，研究了鳙幼鱼游泳能力和游泳行为。结果表明：鳙标准代谢率SMR实际测定值为18727±545 mgO2/(kg·h)，方程拟合值为18281mgO2/(kg·h)，实测值与拟合值接近；鳙耗氧率MO2与游泳速度U的拟合方程为MO2=18281+3983 U1.30，耗氧率幂函数方程中U的幂值为130，U的幂值越小游泳效率越高，说明鳙游泳效率较高；鳙临界游泳速度Ucrit为457±056 BL/s，与青鱼近似；鳙疲劳后的耗氧率迅速降低，在疲劳后45～60 min时耗氧率恢复到标准代谢率。鳙EPOC值为10716 mgO2/kg，说明鳙运动疲劳后的恢复能力较高；运动耗能COT与游泳速度相关关系曲线中，在4～6 BL/s时COT较低，说明此时鳙的能量利用效率较高，拟合方程为COT=664 U-1+131 U0.34；通过实验测定，鳙摆尾率TBF和游泳速度相关关系拟合方程为TBF=202+053 U。研究可为鱼道设计提供参考，对鳙保护具有指导意义

SWIMMING CAPABILITY AND SWIMMING BEHAVIOUR OF JUVENILE ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS

The juvenile Aristichthys nobilis swimming capability and swimming behaviour were tested using experiment apparatus by increasing velocity method.The results showed as follows.(1) The actual standard metabolic rate (SMR) was 18727±545 mgO2/(kg·h) which was closed to the estimated SMR (18281 mgO2/(kg·h)).(2) There was high swimming efficiency in Aristichthys nobilis because the power value of swimming speed (U) was 130 which was low level in the oxygen consumption rate (MO2) power equationMO2=18281+3983 U1.30. (3) In the experiment, critical swimming speed (Ucrit) was 457±056 BL/s which was similar to Piceus’ critical swimming speed. (4) The ability for recovery in Aristichthys nobilis was high,because the excess post exercise oxygen cost (EPOC) was 10716 mgO2/kg which was lower than other fishes.The aerobic metabolic rate renewed to the normal level after 45-60 min later,when Aristichthys nobilis was fatigue.(5) In the relation curve between the cost of transport (COT) and swimming speed,the value of COT was low level in 4-6BL/s swimming speed.Therefore,the efficiency of energy was excellent at that condition. And the equation COT was COT=664 U-1+131 U0.34.(6) The equation TBF=202+053 U obtained by the relationship between the tail beat frequency (TBF) and the swimming speed.〖HJ1〗〖HJ〗