偶氮染料的厌氧——好氧生物降解过程和影响因素

偶氮染料是总量最大、种类最多的合成染料，其降解处理通常采用厌氧-好氧技术。厌氧过程可实现偶氮染料的还原，好氧过程则完成还原产物芳香胺的去除。厌氧过程受偶氮染料结构和浓度、底物的种类和浓度、其他电子受体、氧化还原介体、温度和DO等环境因素以及水力停留时间的影响。好氧条件下芳香胺的降解过程受其自身的结构、浓度、外加碳源以及降解体系等影响，且自氧化过程影响了芳香胺的生物降解。在实际废水处理中应创造良好的条件提高偶氮染料的厌氧一好氧生物降解效率。

Biodegradation Process and Influencing Factors of Azo Using Anaerobic-aerobic Technology

The total amount and kinds of azo dyes are the biggest of synthetic dyes. Usually the anaerobic-aerobic process is adopted to degrade the azo dyes, for the azo dyes can be reduced to aromatic amines in anaerobic condition, and then degraded completely in the following aerobic condition. Anaerobic reduction process of azo dyes is influenced by the structure and concentration of azo dye, the kind and concentration of substrates, other electron acceptors, redox mediator, environmental parameters such as temperature and dissolved oxygen, and hydraulic retention time. The degradation of aromatic amines under aerobic conditions is affected by its own structure, concentration, additional carbon, degradation system etc. and disturbed by the auto-oxidation of aromatic amines. Good conditions should be provided to improve the azo dyes degradation efficiency of anaerobic-aerobic technology in practical wastewater treatment.