安徽铜陵地区河流生态系统健康的多指标评价

根据安徽铜陵地区河流2010年水生态调查数据,构建了涵盖上覆水体、沉积物、水生生物和河流物理栖息地质量等要素的河流生态系统健康评价的候选指标体系.采用主成分分析与相关性分析方法进行指标筛选,构成河流健康综合评价指标体系,以基于方差赋权的综合指数法作为评价方法,评判多指标下的河流健康等级状况.结果表明,铜陵地区河流生态系统的60个采样点中仅2个达到“健康”等级,16个达到“亚健康”等级,33个为“较差”等级,剩余9个为“疾病”等级,铜陵地区河流生态系统退化较为严重.矿山开采活动、农业面源污染和生活污水排放是导致铜陵地区河流生态系统健康恶化的主要原因.

Multi-variable assessment of river ecosystem health in tongling of Anhui Province

A system of candidate indices, including physical-chemical parameters for water quality, parameters for sediment quality, aquatic organisms indices and physical habitat quality indice were set based on monitoring data collected from the river in Tongling area in 2010. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to select twenty parameters from thirty candidate parameters, and an integrated assessment index system was incorporated. The health level at each sampling site was analyzed using synthesis index based on standard variance method. The results showed that 2 of 60 sites were “healthy” level, 16 were “sub-healthy” level, 33 were “poor” level, and the last 9 were “sick” level, which suggested the serious degradation of river ecosystem in Tongling. Mining activities, agricultural non-point source pollution and domestic waste water were the main factors impacting the river healthy.