砂土中柴油的微生物降解研究

从加油站污染土壤中筛选出对柴油具有较强降解能力的菌株，比较研究菌株及菌群降解柴油的差异，探讨植物苜蓿和芥菜对菌株降解柴油污染物的影响.结果表明:①菌株Q18和菌群对砂土中柴油都具有较强的降解能力，菌群对柴油的降解率明显高于菌株Q18.菌株Q18 和菌群在5 d内对柴油的总降解率分别为40.29%和54.15%.与菌株Q18降解柴油相比，菌群主要是强化了中、长链烷烃化合物的降解.②在砂土中，苜蓿和芥菜都能显著地强化菌株Q18对柴油的降解，但苜蓿强化菌株Q18降解柴油的能力强于芥菜. 5 d内菌株Q18-芥菜和菌株Q18-苜蓿复合体系对柴油总降解率分别达到60.05%和56.68%.③菌群和苜蓿及芥菜复合体系降解柴油的能力也有显著提高，但芥菜强化菌群降解柴油的能力强于苜蓿.5 d内菌群-芥菜和菌群-苜蓿复合体系对柴油总降解率分别为75.53%和70.50%. 

Study on Micro-Biological Degradation of Diesel Oil in the Sandy Soil

The strains with strong degradability of diesel oil were screened out from contaminated soils at oil stations. The ability of different strains and consortiums in the biodegradation of diesel oil was compared, and the effect of different plants, e.g. alfalfa and mustard, on the biodegradation of diesel oil bythe strains was studied. The results showed: ① The strains Q18 and consortiumexhibited great degradation ability for diesel oil in the sandy soil. The degradation efficiency of diesel oil by strains Q18 and consortium in 5　d was 40.29% and 54.15%, respectively. The consortium was more effective than the individualcultures. Compared with strains Q18, the consortium resulted in enhanced degradation of the middle and long chain aliphatic compounds in the soil. ② In the sandy soil, both alfalfa and mustard could obviously enhance the ability of strains Q18 in the degradation of diesel oil, with alfalfa having more ability to enhance the degradation than mustard. The total degradation efficiency of diesel oilby strains Q18-alfalfa complex and by Q18-mustard complex in 5 d reached 60.05% and 56.68%, respectively. ③ The alfalfa and mustard could also obviouslyenhance the ability of consortium in the degradation of diesel oil, but with mustard having more ability to enhance the degradation than alfalfa. The total degradation efficiency of diesel oil by consortium-alfalfa complex and by consortium-mustard complex in 5 d reached 75.53% and 70.50%, respectively