油田生产设施环境安全距离理论与案例分析

为保护油田生产设施周围环境及居民人身财产安全,在油田设施和周围不同环境功能区之间设置科学的环境安全距离,是一种经济、有效的环境保护与安全管理措施。文章提出油田生产设施环境安全距离的概念,以及有毒气体井喷泄漏、噪声污染、管线泄漏和火灾爆炸的环境安全距离估算模式,将油田生产设施分为井场、站库和管线三类,提出环境安全距离估算方法。最后以重庆开县"12.23"特大井喷事故为例,对硫化氢毒气井喷泄漏的环境安全距离进行估算,与实际情况相对比后证明估算结果可靠。

The Theory and Case Analysis of Environmentally Safe Distance for Oilfield Production Facilities

In order to protect the environment as well as the personal and property security of residents surrounding the oilfield,it is an economic and effective way of environmental protection and safety management to set a scientific environmentally safe distance between the oilfield facilities and the different function districts around.This article presents the concept of environmentally safe distance for oilfield facilities,the estimation model for the environmentally safe distance for toxic blowout,noise pollution,pipeline leak,and fire explosion,and the estimation method of three types of oilfield facility: well site,terminal station,and pipeline.In the last part,this article conducts the estimation of environmentally safe distance for toxic hydrogen sulfide blowout with the example of the catastrophic "12·23" Kai Town blowout accident in Chongqing,the conclusion of which is proved to be accurate and reliable after compared to the actual situation.