Stereological methods applied to reproductive cycle of Tapes rhomboides

A population of Tapes rhomboides (Pennant) in the Bay of St. Malo, France, was studied for one and a half years (July 1984–October 1985) to determine spawning frequency and fecundity under natural conditions, using the techniques of qualitative histological staging, condition index calculation and quantitative stereology. Spawning took place twice a year, in late May and in July/September. There was an extended winter resting period. Gonad development and oocyte production were positively correlated with female body size. The annual fecundity in a 40 mm clam was about 5x10⁵. Stereological techniques provided accurate information on oocyte dynamics within a gonad and the relationship with atretic processes. Each oocyte generation from the onset of the cycle to the winter resting stage was spawned eventually if conditions were suitable, or the oocytes were resorbed. Atresia of oocytes was seen throughout the reproductive period, but especially after the spring spawning and at the end of the summer.