遥感图像自动识别监测平原地区农村居民点用地变化

以安徽淮北平原地区为研究区，充分利用1993年时相1∶5万土地利用背景空间数据库信息和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，对2003年遥感图像研究采用基于主分量和形态学分析的区域聚类分类方法，自动识别提取农村居民点用地，对安徽淮北平原地区及各市1993和2003年农村居民点用地面积及其变化进行监测, 分析了动态度和相对变化率。方法利用了土地利用背景空间数据的先验知识，将形态学和传统的分类手段相结合，使识别结果更加可靠和准确，经检验精度达到90%以上，基本满足农村居民点用地变化监测需求。1993~2003年，安徽淮北平原地区农村居民点用地面积呈现增加趋势，共增加面积33 17995 hm2，年均动态度为083%，扩展速度较快，各市农村居民点用地扩展程度不一，区域差异明显.

MONITORING THE DYNAMICS OF RURAL HOUSING LAND CHANGE BY AUTOMATIC DISTINGUISHING OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE IN HUAIBEI PLAIN OF ANHUI PROVINCE

The Huaibei Plain is in north of Anhui Province,there are 6 cities and 23 counties,and the area is 39 400 km2.By using GIS technique and the background data of 1∶50 000 land use spatial database of 1993 year phase,this paper drew automatically the rural housing land of 2003 year phase by adopting regional clustering with TM image based on principle component analysis and morphology in Huaibei Plain.As a result of integrating the principle component analysis with morphological analysis and choosing some kinds of morphological filters and operation，we obtained a better result of automatic distinguishing.The precision of this method was above 90%.The trends degree and the relative rate of rural housing land change were calculated and analyzed.The result showed that: (1) the area of rural housing land increased 33 17995 hm2 from 1993 to 2003 ;(2) the average value of the trend degree was 083% every year;(3)the speed of the rural housing land expansion became higher;(4) the expansion extent of rural housing land had apparent regional difference.〖