楼房火灾的安全灭火时限分析与施救对策

在楼房建筑物火灾灭火时 ,常由于火燃造成建筑材料强度失效导致整体坍塌 ,给施救工作带来很大的威胁。强调了在灭火过程的始终 ,应不断进行高温状态下建筑材料强度的失效判定 ,评估出安全的灭火时限和调整施救对策 ,有利于从根本上预防楼房坍塌意外事故的发生。定义了火灾高温状态下建筑材料危险应力点上的可靠度 ,提出依据火灾现场因素和数据 ,用数值模拟方法分析建筑材料强度失效随时间的变化过程 ,确定安全的灭火时限。给出了以火灾施救为主线的并适时考虑构件强度分析和安全时限判定交叉平行作业的多阶段施救对策框架 ,建立了楼房火灾施救安全支持系统结构。

Analysis on Safe Extinguishment Time Limitation of Storied Building Fire and Rescue Countermeasures

During the fire of storied building, the failure of building material usually causes the collapse of whole building threatening the rescue process. In the whole process of extinguishment, the intensity failure of the building material under high temperature must be determined uninterruptedly, so as to estimate the safe extinguishment time limitation and to adjust rescue measures taken accordingly. This would be beneficial in preventing the collapse of the whole building. The reliability at the risky stress point of building material under high temperature was defined. The changing process of the intensity failure with time was analyzed by numerical simulation according to on-site factors and data, from which the safe extinguishment time limitation could be determined.