京津冀城市群土地利用效率时空演变及影响因素研究

本文对京津冀城市群土地利用效率展开测度并分析其时空格局演变特征,探析土地利用效率的影响因素,通过提高城市土地利用效率助力京津冀协同发展。以京津冀城市群13个城市的市辖区为单元,建立土地利用效率以及影响因素评价指标体系,分别使用超效率SBM-Undesirable模型、Tobit模型展开测算和分析,使用Malmquist指数研究土地利用效率时空格局演变特征。结果表明:①2002-2020年京津冀城市群土地利用效率整体处于高水平利用,但是土地利用效率呈下降趋势。北京市土地利用效率增长明显,但受到“虹吸效应”影响,周边城市呈现不同程度的土地利用效率下降,冀中南地区大部分城市土地利用效率保持增长。②研究区内,低效率城市在投入方面存在较大冗余问题,其中固定资本存量和能源消费总量的冗余问题最为突出,造成资源浪费。③城市经济增长、城市医疗水平、城市教育水平、城市经济地位对土地利用效率具有正向作用;城市交通道路、人口密度则具有负向作用。在京津冀协同发展背景下,应着眼高新技术产业布局,优化城市国土空间结构,提高资源配置效率,严格保护生态环境,坚定不移走生态优先、绿色发展之路,贯彻落实可持续发展战略。

Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Land Use Efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration

This paper measured the land use efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, analyzed its spatiotemporal pattern evolution characteristics, explored the influencing factors of land use efficiency, and assisted the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei by improving urban land use efficiency. Using the municipal districts of 13 cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration as units, a land use efficiency and influencing factor evaluation index system was established. The super efficiency SBM Undesirable model and Tobit model were used for calculation and analysis, and the Malmquist index was used to study the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land use efficiency. The results showed that:① From 2002 to 2020, the overall land use efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was at a high level, but the land use efficiency showed a downward trend. The land use efficiency of Beijing increased significantly, but due to the siphon effect, the surrounding cities showed varying degrees of land use efficiency decline, and most cities in the central and southern regions of Hebei maintained an increase in land use efficiency. ② In the research area, inefficient cities had significant redundancy issues in investment, with fixed capital stock and urban energy consumption being the biggest issues. A large amount of resources had not been fully utilized, resulting in resource waste. ③Urban economic growth, urban medical level, urban education level, and urban economic status had a positive impact on land use efficiency. Urban transportation roads and population density had a negative effect. In the context of coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, we should focus on the layout of hightech industries, optimize the spatial structure of urban land, improve resource allocation efficiency, strictly protect the ecological environment, firmly adhere to the path of ecological priority and green development, and implement the sustainable development strategy.