基于相对承载力的区域可持续发展研究——以江苏省为例

采用相对承载力的研究思路和计算方法，分析了1996～2005年相对土地资源承载力、相对经济负载力和综合承载力及其演化过程，在此基础上分析了江苏省可持续发展存在的问题，提出了可持续发展的对策。结果表明：①综合承载力从1996～2005年一直处于富余状态，并且有逐年上升的趋势。相对经济负载力一直处于富余状态，而相对土地资源承载力却始终处于超载状态；相对经济负载力对综合承载力的贡献大于相对土地资源承载力，相对经济负载力的提高是综合承载力快速提高的原因。②区域富余状态差异明显，苏南地区处于极度，苏中地区处于轻度，而苏北地区处于超载。③相对土地资源承载力与相对经济负载力的不协调发展是江苏省可持续发展战略中需要重点解决的问题。④大力发展经济、合理利用资源、促进区域协调发展是实现可持续发展的关键。

ON THE REGIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF RELATIVE CARRYING CAPACITY IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

This paper adopts the calculating methods of relative carrying capacity and takes Jiangsu Province as an example.The relative carrying capacity of land resources,relative laden capacity of economy and syn- thetic carrying capacity of Jiangsu Province from 1996 to 2005 have been calculated .Based on the evolve- ment of relative carrying capacity,this paper analyses the problems existing in the sustainable development of Jiangsu Province,and puts forward countermeasures for sustainable development.The synthetic carrying capacity has been at the state of being enough from 1996 to 2005 in Jiangsu Province.At the same time the population in the state of abundance is increasing year after year.In addition,the relative laden capacity of economy has always been at the state of affluence.The relative carrying capacity of land resources has been at the state of being relatively overloading.The contribution of the relative laden capacity of economy to the synthetic carrying capacity in Jiangsu Province is greater than that of the relative carrying capacity of land resources.Furthermore,the relative laden capacity of economy is the principal resource to support the syn- thetic carrying capacity.The synthetic carrying capacity is very different in the three regions of Jiangsu Province.The southern part of Jiangsu is at the state of exceeding abundance and the central region is in the state of slightly high abundance while the northern part of Jiangsu is in the state of being relative over- loading.The non-coordination between the relative carrying capacity of land resources and the relative laden capacity of economy is a significant problem to be solved in the strategy of sustainable development in Jian- gsu Province.Promoting economic development,using resources reasonably,coordinating regional develop- ment are of key importance to realize the sustainable development of the province.