大型水生植物在水污染治理中的应用研究进展

大型水生植物在水污染治理中可以发挥多种作用。通过自身的生长代谢可以大量吸收氮、磷等水体中的营养物质 ,而其中一些种类还可以富集不同类型的重金属或吸收降解某些有机污染物 ;通过促进微生物的生长代谢 ,可以使水中大部分可生物降解有机物 (BOD)降解 ;通过抑制低等藻类的生长 ,控制富营养化的表现形式等。根据不同的生活型特点 ,利用大型水生植物进行污水处理和水体修复的方式也多种多样 ,主要包括 :以漂浮植物为主的塘系统和以挺水植物为主的人工湿地系统等。本文从生态功能发挥的角度探讨了植物对污染物降解的机理 ,并对以大型水生植物为核心的各种污水处理系统的研究进展与现状进行了综述 ,指出了利用大型水生植物进行水污染治理的研究与应用中存在的问题和发展方向

Advances in utilization of macrophytes in water pollution control

Macrophytes can perform many ecological functions when they are used in water pollution control, including assimilating and storing nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, transporting O 2 to the root zone, providing substrates for microbes, inhibiting growth of algae. Some of aquatic plants have special abilities to accumulate heavy metal elements or degrade organic contaminants. Many types of macrophyte-based treatment systems are developed depending on the difference of the life forms of the plants employed. Among them, pond systems using floating macrophytes and constructed wetlands culturing emergent plants are most commonly utilized. This review concentrats on advance of the macrophyte-based treatment technology. The mechnisims on pollutants removel and future research needs for macrophyte-based wastewater treatment systems are discussed.