福建省主要流域的暴雨洪涝特征

利用1989-1999年近11年的水文、气象资料分析了福建省6个主要流域主控站水位与降水量的关系和洪涝的时间变化规律,进而分析了暴雨致洪的特征,结果表明:(1)福建省6个主要流域洪峰水位与上游有关气象站前期平均总降水量相关显著,暴雨是福建省洪涝发生的主要原因;(2)根据闽江(竹歧站)、九龙江(浦南)、交溪(白塔)、木兰溪(濑溪)4个站的达警戒水位或危险水位的降水指标,可利用暴雨预报作为洪涝预警预测的依据。(3)上世纪80年代后,洪水的高低变化有增大的趋势,应进一步完善抗洪防洪预警系统,提高抗洪防洪的应变能力。

Characteristics of rainstorm-caused flood and wateriogging in main river basin of Fujian Province

By use of meteorological and hydrological data from 1989 to 1999,the relationship between water level and precipitation,the temporal change regularity of flood and waterlogging and the characters of flood-causing rain- storm are analyzed.Results show that:(1)there was a obvious correlation between the water level of flood peak and the average total precipitation in the meteorological stations at upper reaches of principal river in Fujian,and extremely heavy rainfall is the main reason of severe floods in Fujian;(2)Based on the precipitation index for warning line and dangerous line at four stations,the rainstorm forecast can be used as a basis of pre-warning predic- tion of flood and waterlogging;(3)the variation of flood water level after 1980' has a increasing tendency,the a- bility to prevent severe floods must be improved.