An experimental study of nightime air-pollutant transport over complex terrain in Athens |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, Laboratory of Meteorology, University of Athens, Greece;3. Department of Environmental Studies, University of the Aegean, Greece;4. Lamda Technical Ltd, Athens, Greece;1. Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA;2. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA;3. Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, USA;4. School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA;5. College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;1. L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan Italy;2. Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00100 Rome, Italy;3. Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;4. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The Thriassion plain is a heavily industrialized area to the west of the Athens basin, separated from it by Mount Aegaleo, a 468-m high ridge about 15 km long. Three field experiments were performed to determine the possibility of air pollutant transport into the Athens basin. Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) was released from one of the stacks of the Hellenic Oil Refineries, situated in the eastern part of the Thriassion plain, together with several releases of tetroons. These experiments revealed two mechanisms of air mass transport from the Thriassion plain, a daytime mechanism, when the air mass is transported along the Mount Aegaleo ridge and through the passage between Mount Aegaleo and Mount Parnitha to the north, and a nighttime mechanism, when transport occurs over Mount Aegaleo. SF6 was released only during the night and although in all three occassions it reached the western suburbs of Athens, it did so by different simultaneous mechanisms. Furthermore its advection-diffusion once in the basin showed large variability, whose cause was the details of the flow field as it developed under the influence of the thermal stratification. The experiments demonstrate the complexity of the diffusion of air pollutants in complex terrain and the influence of both the details of the flow field and the stratification in determining the local ground-level concentrations. They also point out the need for simultaneous modelling of both factors, for the correct computation of pollution levels. |
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