Management Regimes,Property Rights,and Forest Biodiversity in Nepal and India |
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Authors: | Harini Nagendra Yogesh Gokhale |
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Institution: | (1) Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change, Indiana University, 408 North Indiana Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA;(2) Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), 659 Fifth A Main, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560024, India;(3) The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), India Habitat Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India |
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Abstract: | This article compares a range of initiatives aimed at involving people in the management of forest resources in Nepal and
India. In Nepal, we focus on three categories of state-initiated programs: community forestry, the parks’ buffer zone program,
and leasehold forestry. In the southern Indian state of Karnataka, we study the state-initiated Joint Forest Planning and
Management program along with older institutions of leaf manure forests (Soppina betta) and historical sacred forests (Kans). We conclude that state-initiated approaches to involving communities have been limited, at best, promote standardized and
relatively inflexible management practices, and lead to partial improvement in biodiversity and people’s livelihoods. When
management is initiated and owned by the community, as in the case of sacred groves in India, and when other conditions are
appropriate, communities can have the opportunity to demonstrate their capacity for putting effective and adaptive conservation
practices in place. |
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Keywords: | Institutions Biodiversity Community forestry Joint forest management Sacred groves South Asia |
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