水泥窑协同处置与水泥固化/稳定化对重金属的固定效果比较

危险废物水泥窑协同处置与水泥固化,稳定化对废物中重金属的固定机理不同,固定效果因而有所差异.针对含As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn等重金属离子的上述2类试样平行开展浸出实验及连续提取实验,以重金属浸出浓度及化学形态为指标,比较分析了水泥窑协同处置与水泥固化/稳定化对废物中不同重金属的固定效果的差异.结果表明,对于As、Pb、Zn等重金属离子,水泥窑高温煅烧及后续水化作用有助于其更稳定化学形态的形成,固定效果优于水泥固化,稳定化,说明含Ag、Pb、Zn的危险废物能够在水泥窑得到有效处置.Cr3 在水泥窑煅烧过程中易被氧化为迁移性和毒性更强的Cr6 ,因而含Cr的废物不适合采用水泥窑协同处置方式.该研究能为不同种类重金属危险废物处置方法的选取提供依据,并为水泥窑协同处置重金属类危险废物的应用和发展提供科学的决策依据.

Comparison of Fixation Effects of Heavy Metals Between Cement Rotary Kiln Co-processing and Cement Solidification/Stabilization

Both cement rotary kiln co-processing hazardous wastes and cement solidification/stabilization could dispose heavy metals by fixation. Different fixation mechanisms lead to different fixation effects. The same amount of heavy metal compounds containing As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn were treated by the two kinds of fixation technologies. GB leaching test, TCLP tests and sequential extraction procedures were employed to compare the fixation effects of two fixation technologies. The leached concentration and chemical species distribution of heavy metals in two grounded mortar samples were analyzed and the fixation effects of two kinds of technologies to different heavy metals were compared. The results show the fixation effect of cement rotary kiln co-processing technology is better than cement solidification/stabilization technology to As, Pb, Zn. Calcinations in cement rotary kiln and then hydration help As, Pb, Zn contained in hazardous wastes transform to more steady chemical species and effectively dispose these heavy metals compounds. Cr3+ is liable to be converted to much more toxic and more mobile Cr6+ state in cement rotary kiln. And so Cr wastes are more fit for treatment by cement solidification/stabilization technology. The work could provide a basis when choosing disposal technologies for different heavy metals and be helpful to improve the application and development of cement rotary kiln co-processing hazardous wastes.