基于能值分析的陕西省榆林市绿色GDP动态研究

绿色GDP是在扣除自然资源消耗与环境损耗之后的GDP,是衡量城市可持续发展的重要指标。资源型城市作为以资源开发利用为主的城市,对自然资源消耗以及环境资源损耗更为严重,因此对其绿色GDP进行研究具有更加深刻的意义。论文利用Odum生态经济系统能值理论和方法,以资源型城市陕西省榆林市为例,对其2005—2012年间国民经济生产过程中消耗的不可更新资源和环境损耗进行定量分析,计算消耗的不可更新资源和环境损耗的能值及其能值-货币价值,从而核算了榆林市2005—2012年间的绿色GDP变化,结论如下：1）榆林市绿色GDP占比由81.2%下降到44.1%,并且这种趋势在持续扩大;2）不可更新能源的利用几乎以每年10%的速率递增,不可更新能源占GDP的比重由2005年的13.35%上升到2012年的44.8%,是造成榆林市绿色GDP偏低的主要原因;3）榆林市不可更新能源消耗仍以煤炭为主,煤炭利用达到化石能源利用的90%以上,辅助伴有石油与天然气;4）榆林市环境损耗主要是由废气、废水和固体废弃物3部分组成,其中废气的组成占80%以上。

Study on the Green GDP of Chinese Resource Based Cities:A Case Study of Yulin City in Shaanxi Province

Green GDP is a part of traditional GDP that has been removed off the consumption of nature resources and environment loss. It is an important index to measure the sustainability of development. The development of resource based cities relies on the development and utilization of resources. These cities have greater influence on the consumption of nature resources and environment loss compared with other cities; therefore, it is more meaningful to research on the green GDP of these cities. In this paper, based on Odum??s emergy ecological economic theory and methods, and in the case of Yulin, we calculated the unrenewable resources and the environmental losses consumed in the national economic production process of Yulin City from 2005 to 2012, and calculated energy and environment energy loss-currency value of the unrenewable resources and the environmental losses. Finally, the change of the green GDP inYulin from 2005 to 2012 was analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The proportion of Green GDP in the GDP of Yulin City decreased from 81.2% to 44.1%, and the trend of decline is continuing. 2) The usage of unrenewable energy increased at the rate of 10% each year, and the share of the unrenewable energy in GDP rose from 13.35% in 2005 to 44.8% in 2012, and this is the most important reason that the green GDP of Yulin is low. 3) The unrenewable energy consumption in Yulin City is mainly coal, which takes more than 90% of the usage of fossil energy, accompanied with oil and gas. 4) The environmental loss in Yulin City is mainly waste gas, waste water and solid waste, in which waste gas accounts for more than 80%.