基于RS的多数据源的700 多年来贵阳城市扩展时空特征研究

以1973、1990、2001、2006 和2010 年的Landsat 系列遥感影像为主要数据源,结合历史文献和专题图的多数据方法,在贵阳城市区域遥感信息提取的基础上,对1279 年建城以来,包含1626、1930、1947 年的共9 个时相的贵阳市时空扩展特征进行分析,主要包括城市扩展的时间轨迹、方向性、扩展强度、扩展规模和城市扩展的空间分异等。结果表明:花溪、金阳是贵阳城市扩展的主要区域;1947 年以前,贵阳市扩展速度极其缓慢,基本处于停滞状态;1947-1973年,城市已填满贵阳狭小的盆地区域,并开始沿着河谷地形向外扩展;1990 年贵阳市向外扩散趋势加剧,2006 年以后,贵阳以喷水池-大十字为核心,以南明河为主要的扩展轴,沿着南、东、东北、西分别向花溪、龙洞堡、新添寨和金阳扩散,呈现显著的Y字形扩展格局。贵阳城市扩展过快,停止外延型扩展进程,将有助于区域的和谐发展。

Study on Spatiotemporal Expansion Feature of Urban Based on Multisource Data Using Remote Sensing Technique in Guiyang City in the Latest 700 Years

At first, a multitemporal urban land use information is extracted from the Landsat images of Guiyang in 1947, 1973, 1990, 2001, 2006 and 2010 using multiple source data including historical literature, thematic maps and Landsat images, in which the spatiotemporal feature of urban expansion is analyzed after 1279. These characteristics involve expansion trend, direction, expansion intensity, scale and spatial differentiation and so on. The results show that: 1) before 1947, the main expanding directions were the south (Huaxi) and the west (Jinyang), and the main type was sprawling outwards, the velocity of urban expansion was slow. 2) The urban expansion of Guiyang filled in a small basin region from 1947 to 1973 and started an expansion out along the valley topography. The urban expansion showed a diffusion trend outward in the main urban region after 1990. 3) The expansion of urban fringe of Guiyang was arrived to the south (Huaxi), the east (Longdongbao), the northeast (Xintianzhai) and the west (Jinyang). Urban expansion of Guiyang after 2006 showed a significant Y-shaped pattern. At last, current rapid expansion of Guiyang is not suitable to the local sustainable development, Guiyang city is suggested stopping such rapid spatial expansion.