土地用途管制下基本农田发展权受限的区域差异及经济补偿——以湖北省武汉、荆门、黄冈等地区为实证

以湖北省武汉、荆门、黄冈等地区为实证,分析重点开发区、农产品主产区及生态功能区农民收入及土地利用行为受土地用途管制的影响,测算基本农田发展受限下农民的福利损失及空间异质性。结果表明:① 农民收入及土地利用行为具有显著的空间差异,农产品主产区农业收入较重点开发区农业收入高30 929.29 元/(户·a),生态功能区农民倾向于种植经济作物,江汉平原农产品主产区农民更愿意种植粮食作物,农地经营意愿也最强烈,而重点开发区及生态功能区农民转入农地、扩大农业经营规模的意愿较弱;② 土地用途管制对农业收入较高、农地投入较大、农地经营意愿较低、单纯种植粮食作物和兼营粮食作物与经济作物农民的影响较大;③ 土地用途管制强度及其给农民福利带来的损失具有显著空间差异,重点开发区的管制程度最强,生态功能区的管制程度最弱,其中重点开发区农民的福利损失最大23 839.34 元/(hm²·a)],其次为生态功能区22 266.71 元/(hm²·a)],农产品主产区最低14 445.58 元/(hm²·a)]。

Regional Differences of Restriction on Farmland Development Rights under Land-Use Regulation and the Economic Compensation: Cases in Wuhan,Jingmen and Huanggang,Hubei Province

This paper chooses villagers from city of Wuhan, Jingmen and Huanggang in Hubei Province as typical region. We analyze the effects on farmers' income and land-use behavior exerted by land-use regulations, and estimate farmers' possible loss under the land use regulations in different regions in the paper. The results are as follows: Firstly, the farmers' income and land-use behavior have significant regional differences. The farmers' agricultural income in grain producing areas is 30929.29 yuan higher than that in priority development zones. Farmers in ecological function areas prefer to plant economic crops. However, in grain producing areas located at Jianghan Plain, farmers tend to plant food crops and have stronger willing to manage agricultural land. Secondly, land-use regulation has greater impact on farmers having higher agri-income, higher farmland input, lower agricultural land management will, and planting economic crops only or planting food crops combining with economic crops. Thirdly, the effect of land-use regulations has significant spatial heterogeneity. The land-use regulation in priority development zones is the most serious, and it is the most moderate in ecological function areas. Fourthly, the spatial heterogeneity of land-use regulation leads to the differences on farmers' welfare loss in different regions. Thereinto, the annual welfare loss caused by regulation in priority development zones is 23839.34 yuan/(hm²·a), 22266.71 yuan/(hm²·a) in ecological function zones and 14445.58 yuan/(hm²· a) in grain producing areas.