基于农户满意度的耕地保护经济补偿政策绩效评价及障碍因子诊断

农户是耕地保护经济补偿政策的直接受益者,其满意度直接关系到耕地保护经济补偿政策的成效。论文从农户满意度的视角来研究耕地保护补偿政策绩效及其障碍因子的诊断方法,可为提高耕地保护补偿政策绩效提供决策依据。选取在全国创新探索农田生态补偿的上海市闵行区、苏州张家港市和率先试点耕地保护基金的四川省成都市为实施耕地保护补偿政策的典型地区,采用熵权改进的TOPSIS 法和障碍度模型,对耕地保护经济补偿政策绩效评价及其障碍因子诊断进行实证研究。研究结果表明:① 成都市、张家港市和上海市闵行区耕地保护补偿政策农户评价的绩效值分别为0.529、0.494 和0.461,对应的绩效水平分别为良好、一般和较差,农户满意度绩效存在显著的区域差异;② 影响三个地区耕地保护经济补偿政策农户绩效评价排序前5 位的障碍因子依次为对耕地保护补偿账务公开是否满意(C₈)、对政府部门关于耕地保护补偿资金的监督管理是否满意(C₁₀)、对耕地保护补偿资金使用要求是否满意(C₉)、对耕地保护补偿标准是否满意(C₃)和对耕地保护补偿资金分配是否满意(C₇);③ 建立耕地保护补偿政策实施绩效评价指标体系,并采用熵权改进的TOPSIS 法和障碍度模型对其进行评价,是合理可行的。不仅如此,通过障碍因子诊断,其指标评价信息可以揭示出耕地保护补偿政策存在的绩效问题,有利于促进耕地保护补偿政策绩效的进一步提升和完善。

Performance Evaluation and Obstacle Indicator Diagnoses of Economic Compensation for Farmland Protection Policy Based on Farmers' Satisfaction

Farmers are the direct beneficiaries of economic compensation for farmland protection policy (ECFP), so their satisfaction is directly related to the effectiveness of ECFP policy. Form farmers' perspective, the paper evaluates the performance of ECFP with the diagnosis method of obstacle indicators, aiming at providing a basis for improving the performance of ECFP. Minhang District of Shanghai and Zhangjiagang of Suzhou, where the policies of economic compensation for farmland had been innovatively explored, were selected as research areas. And Chengdu was also chosen as study area for its firstly test on farmland protection fund. The improved TOPSIS method based on entropy weight and the obstacle degree model were used to evaluate the performance of ECFP policy and reveal the obstacle indicators. The results indicated that: 1) the performance values of Chengdu, Zhangjiagang and Minhang District of Shanghai were 0.529, 0.494 and 0.461, corresponding to the good, general and poor levels of performance respectively. There was significant regional difference in farmers' satisfaction. 2) The top five obstacle indicators that affected the ECFP performance were successively farmers' satisfaction with the open degree of accounts (C₈), farmers' satisfaction with government's supervision and management of the compensation fund (C₁₀), farmers' satisfaction with the use requirements of the compensation fund (C₉), farmers' satisfaction with the compensation standard (C₃) and farmers' satisfaction with allocation of compensation fund (C₇). 3) When establishing evaluation index system of ECFP policy, using the improved TOPSIS method and the obstacle degree model were proved to be reasonable and feasible method to evaluate the performance of ECFP policy. Moreover, through the diagnoses of barrier factors, the indicators can reveal the existing problems of ECFP policy, which helps to further improve the ECFP policy.